TY - JOUR
T1 - Extreme heat alters the performance of hosts and pathogen
AU - Porras, Mitzy F.
AU - Navas, Carlos A.
AU - Agudelo-Cantero, Gustavo A.
AU - Santiago-Martínez, Michel Geovanni
AU - Loeschcke, Volker
AU - Sørensen, Jesper Givskov
AU - Crandall, Sharifa G.
AU - Biddinger, David
AU - Rajotte, Edwin G.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Jay Evans for providing the pathogen inoculum, FLIR for providing an infra-red thermal camera. We are grateful for access to incubators, a walking growth chamber, and other equipment to Jason Rasgon, Kelli Hoover, Rayn Golas, and J. Gregory Ferry. We also thank Alexander Chautá, Tomás López, and reviewers for their valuable comments.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Porras, Navas, Agudelo-Cantero, Santiago-Martínez, Loeschcke, Sørensen, Crandall, Biddinger and Rajotte.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The frequency and intensity of extreme heat in the environment have increased in the last decade. Extreme heating events (EHE) have wide-ranging impacts on biological systems from the molecular to the community level. However, the impacts of EHE have been poorly studied in pathogen–host systems. Here, we explore how EHE affects the interaction among the insect hosts, Osmia cornifrons and Osmia lignaria, and a protozoan pathogen, Crithidia mellificae. We compared changes in the upper limit for locomotion of hosts (Ctmax), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to Extreme Temperature Zones – ETZ) between healthy and infected host exposed to EHE, and the effect of host Ctmax on pathogen growth rate. Our results showed that 1-day EHE significantly reduced the upper limit for locomotion of hosts by an average of 4 °C in healthy and 7 °C in infected hosts. Further, EHE significantly reduced the protozoan pathogen growth rate. EHE also reduced the hosts’ voluntary exposure to (or transit across) extreme (hot or cold) temperature zones (ETZ). Our results show that EHE reduces both hosts’ heat tolerance and pathogen fitness, and shed light on the implications of EHE on host–pathogen dynamics under warmer world.
AB - The frequency and intensity of extreme heat in the environment have increased in the last decade. Extreme heating events (EHE) have wide-ranging impacts on biological systems from the molecular to the community level. However, the impacts of EHE have been poorly studied in pathogen–host systems. Here, we explore how EHE affects the interaction among the insect hosts, Osmia cornifrons and Osmia lignaria, and a protozoan pathogen, Crithidia mellificae. We compared changes in the upper limit for locomotion of hosts (Ctmax), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to Extreme Temperature Zones – ETZ) between healthy and infected host exposed to EHE, and the effect of host Ctmax on pathogen growth rate. Our results showed that 1-day EHE significantly reduced the upper limit for locomotion of hosts by an average of 4 °C in healthy and 7 °C in infected hosts. Further, EHE significantly reduced the protozoan pathogen growth rate. EHE also reduced the hosts’ voluntary exposure to (or transit across) extreme (hot or cold) temperature zones (ETZ). Our results show that EHE reduces both hosts’ heat tolerance and pathogen fitness, and shed light on the implications of EHE on host–pathogen dynamics under warmer world.
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U2 - 10.3389/fevo.2023.1186452
DO - 10.3389/fevo.2023.1186452
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85163648668
SN - 2296-701X
VL - 11
JO - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
JF - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
M1 - 1186452
ER -