Fast optimization of electromagnetic design problems using the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy

A new method of optimization recently made popular in the evolutionary computation (EC) community is introduced and applied to several electromagnetics design problems. First, a functional overview of the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES) is provided. Then, CMA-ES is critiqued alongside a conventional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm via the design of a wideband stacked-patch antenna. Finally, the two algorithms are employed for the design of small to moderate size aperiodic ultrawideband antenna array layouts (up to 100 elements). The results of the two electromagnetics design problems illustrate the ability of CMA-ES to provide a robust, fast and user-friendly alternative to more conventional optimization strategies such as PSO. Moreover, the ultrawideband array designs that were created using CMA-ES are seen to exhibit performances surpassing the best examples that have been reported in recent literature.