TY - JOUR
T1 - Feedstocks for fuels and chemicals from algae
T2 - Treatment of crude bio-oil over HZSM-5
AU - Li, Zheng
AU - Savage, Phillip E.
PY - 2013/3
Y1 - 2013/3
N2 - Crude bio-oil produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of Nannochloropsis sp was reacted over HZSM-5 catalyst with high pressure H2. The effects of reaction temperature (400-500°C), reaction time (0.5-4h), and catalyst loading (5-50wt.%) on the composition and yields of the oil and gas products were determined. Treatment greatly reduced the heteroatom (N, O, and S) content in the oil. S was reduced to below detection limits (<0.1wt.%) at all reaction conditions investigated. The lowest N/C ratio achieved is about 25% of the original N/C ratio in the crude bio-oil. The O/C ratio of the oil treated at 450 and 500°C was an order of magnitude lower than that in the crude bio-oil. The carbon content of the oil increased at all reaction conditions investigated, but the H/C ratios of the oils treated at 450 and 500°C fell below that of the crude bio-oil due to their high aromatic content and the migration of H atoms into the gaseous products. This study demonstrates the opportunities to engineer the composition of the products that emerge from this catalytic treatment of the crude bio-oil. Catalytic processing at 400°C produced a paraffinic oil that was 95wt.% C and H and retained 87% of the energy content of the crude bio-oil. This product would be useful as a feedstock for liquid transportation fuels. Catalytic processing at 500°C, on the other hand, produced a freely flowing liquid mixture composed of aromatic hydrocarbons in 44wt.% yield along with a hydrocarbon gas stream in 19wt.% yield. These products, which could be useful as feedstocks for industrial chemicals, contained 70% of the carbon originally present in the crude bio-oil.
AB - Crude bio-oil produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of Nannochloropsis sp was reacted over HZSM-5 catalyst with high pressure H2. The effects of reaction temperature (400-500°C), reaction time (0.5-4h), and catalyst loading (5-50wt.%) on the composition and yields of the oil and gas products were determined. Treatment greatly reduced the heteroatom (N, O, and S) content in the oil. S was reduced to below detection limits (<0.1wt.%) at all reaction conditions investigated. The lowest N/C ratio achieved is about 25% of the original N/C ratio in the crude bio-oil. The O/C ratio of the oil treated at 450 and 500°C was an order of magnitude lower than that in the crude bio-oil. The carbon content of the oil increased at all reaction conditions investigated, but the H/C ratios of the oils treated at 450 and 500°C fell below that of the crude bio-oil due to their high aromatic content and the migration of H atoms into the gaseous products. This study demonstrates the opportunities to engineer the composition of the products that emerge from this catalytic treatment of the crude bio-oil. Catalytic processing at 400°C produced a paraffinic oil that was 95wt.% C and H and retained 87% of the energy content of the crude bio-oil. This product would be useful as a feedstock for liquid transportation fuels. Catalytic processing at 500°C, on the other hand, produced a freely flowing liquid mixture composed of aromatic hydrocarbons in 44wt.% yield along with a hydrocarbon gas stream in 19wt.% yield. These products, which could be useful as feedstocks for industrial chemicals, contained 70% of the carbon originally present in the crude bio-oil.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.algal.2013.01.003
DO - 10.1016/j.algal.2013.01.003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84875076076
SN - 2211-9264
VL - 2
SP - 154
EP - 163
JO - Algal Research
JF - Algal Research
IS - 2
ER -