@article{1d082efc49504bfdbb8a1c32ed2571ad,
title = "Fibrinogen and fibrin differentially regulate the local hydrodynamic environment in neutrophil–tumor cell–endothelial cell adhesion system",
abstract = "As cancer is one of the major fatal diseases for human beings worldwide, the metastasis of tumor cells (TCs) from a blood vessel to an adjacent organ has become a focus of research. A tumor metastasis theory named the “two-step theory” pointed out that polymorphnuclear neutrophils (PMNs) could facilitate TC adhesion on an endothelial monolayer under flow, which was regulated by shear flow and promoted by fibrinogen and fibrin. In order to further understand the role of hydrodynamics played in the “two-step theory”, we improved our side-view micro-particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) system and successfully measured the flow velocity profiles around adherent PMNs and TCs on an endothelial monolayer in the presence of soluble fibrinogen or fibrin under shear flow. Combined with a computational fluid dynamics simulation, we found that: (1) soluble fibrinogen and fibrin influenced the variations of relative shear rates above an adhered PMN and an adherent TC at different PMN-to-TC position states; (2) compared with soluble fibrinogen, soluble fibrin made the curves of relative shear rates above an adherent cell flatter. Soluble fibrin might increase the collision frequency and affect the contact time and contact area between PMNs, TCs, and endothelium cells, resulting in the enhancement of TC adhesion and retention on an endothelial monolayer.",
author = "Yi Fu and Ang Li and Jie Wu and Kunz, {Robert F.} and Ren Sun and Zurong Ding and Jianhua Wu and Cheng Dong",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11302129, to Y.F.), the Hundred Teacher Talent Program of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences (B3-0200-20-311008-23, to Y.F.), Construction project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging(18DZ2260400), Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Class II Plateau Disciplinary Construction Program for Medical Technology of SUMHS, 2018–2020), the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830052), the National Institute of Health Grants (CA-125707, to C.D.), a National Science Foundation Grant (CBET-0729091, to C.D.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11432006 and 31170887, to J.W. (Jianhua Wu)), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20130073110059, to R.S.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11102113, to J.W. (Jianhua Wu)), and a fellowship from the Chinese Scholarship Council. Funding Information: This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11302129, to Y.F.), the Hundred Teacher Talent Program of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences (B3-0200-20-311008-23, to Y.F.), Construction project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging(18DZ2260400), Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Class II Plateau Disciplinary Construction Program for Medical Technology of SUMHS, 2018?2020), the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830052), the National Institute of Health Grants (CA-125707, to C.D.), a National Science Foundation Grant (CBET-0729091, to C.D.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11432006 and 31170887, to J.W. (Jianhua Wu)), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20130073110059, to R.S.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11102113, to J.W. (Jianhua Wu)), and a fellowship from the Chinese Scholarship Council. We thank Gavin Robertson (Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA) for providing Lu1205 melanoma cells, and Scott Simon (University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA) for providing EI cells. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 by the authors. Li-censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
year = "2021",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3390/app11010079",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "11",
pages = "1--14",
journal = "Applied Sciences (Switzerland)",
issn = "2076-3417",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "1",
}