Field Distributions in Vertebral Bodies of the Rat During Electrical Stimulation: A Parametric Study

Ernest L. Carter; E. J. Vresilovic; Solomon R. Pollack; C. T. Brighton

doi:10.1109/10.19854

Field Distributions in Vertebral Bodies of the Rat During Electrical Stimulation: A Parametric Study

Ernest L. Carter, E. J. Vresilovic, Solomon R. Pollack, C. T. Brighton

Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The electrical field and current density distributions were found in the various tissues of a mathematical model of the experimental rat used to study systemic osteoporosis. The finite element method was used to solve the boundary value problem derived from Maxwell’s equations using a quasistatic approximation for a 60 kHz external output signal applied via skin electrodes. A parametric study was done initially to determine the principle factors which effect the solution of the field in the vertebral bodies. Grid coarseness, model length, and intervertebral space width had little effect on the solution while trabecular bone and abdominal cavity conductivity values had strong effects. The two pair of transversely placed electrodes spaced by at least three vertebral bodies produced the most uniform field distributions and was used in the experimental rat model. The range of current density values in the trabecular bone was determined to be 3.0-5.0 μA/cm2 at the external output signal where evidence of a reversal of bone loss due to castration osteoporosis had been found in the experimental rat.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	333-345
Number of pages	13
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Volume	36
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/10.19854
State	Published - Mar 1989

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Biomedical Engineering

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title = "Field Distributions in Vertebral Bodies of the Rat During Electrical Stimulation: A Parametric Study",

abstract = "The electrical field and current density distributions were found in the various tissues of a mathematical model of the experimental rat used to study systemic osteoporosis. The finite element method was used to solve the boundary value problem derived from Maxwell{\textquoteright}s equations using a quasistatic approximation for a 60 kHz external output signal applied via skin electrodes. A parametric study was done initially to determine the principle factors which effect the solution of the field in the vertebral bodies. Grid coarseness, model length, and intervertebral space width had little effect on the solution while trabecular bone and abdominal cavity conductivity values had strong effects. The two pair of transversely placed electrodes spaced by at least three vertebral bodies produced the most uniform field distributions and was used in the experimental rat model. The range of current density values in the trabecular bone was determined to be 3.0-5.0 μA/cm2 at the external output signal where evidence of a reversal of bone loss due to castration osteoporosis had been found in the experimental rat.",

author = "Carter, {Ernest L.} and Vresilovic, {E. J.} and Pollack, {Solomon R.} and Brighton, {C. T.}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received November 5, 1987; revised October 10. 1988. This work was supported by Grant 9848 from the Robert Wood Johnson Foun- dation and NIH Grant AM 27974. E. L. Carter, Jr.. E. J. Vresilovic, and S. R. Pollack are with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E. J. Vresilovic and C. T. Brighton are with the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. lEEE Log Number 8823416.",

year = "1989",

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AU - Brighton, C. T.

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received November 5, 1987; revised October 10. 1988. This work was supported by Grant 9848 from the Robert Wood Johnson Foun- dation and NIH Grant AM 27974. E. L. Carter, Jr.. E. J. Vresilovic, and S. R. Pollack are with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E. J. Vresilovic and C. T. Brighton are with the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. lEEE Log Number 8823416.

PY - 1989/3

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N2 - The electrical field and current density distributions were found in the various tissues of a mathematical model of the experimental rat used to study systemic osteoporosis. The finite element method was used to solve the boundary value problem derived from Maxwell’s equations using a quasistatic approximation for a 60 kHz external output signal applied via skin electrodes. A parametric study was done initially to determine the principle factors which effect the solution of the field in the vertebral bodies. Grid coarseness, model length, and intervertebral space width had little effect on the solution while trabecular bone and abdominal cavity conductivity values had strong effects. The two pair of transversely placed electrodes spaced by at least three vertebral bodies produced the most uniform field distributions and was used in the experimental rat model. The range of current density values in the trabecular bone was determined to be 3.0-5.0 μA/cm2 at the external output signal where evidence of a reversal of bone loss due to castration osteoporosis had been found in the experimental rat.

AB - The electrical field and current density distributions were found in the various tissues of a mathematical model of the experimental rat used to study systemic osteoporosis. The finite element method was used to solve the boundary value problem derived from Maxwell’s equations using a quasistatic approximation for a 60 kHz external output signal applied via skin electrodes. A parametric study was done initially to determine the principle factors which effect the solution of the field in the vertebral bodies. Grid coarseness, model length, and intervertebral space width had little effect on the solution while trabecular bone and abdominal cavity conductivity values had strong effects. The two pair of transversely placed electrodes spaced by at least three vertebral bodies produced the most uniform field distributions and was used in the experimental rat model. The range of current density values in the trabecular bone was determined to be 3.0-5.0 μA/cm2 at the external output signal where evidence of a reversal of bone loss due to castration osteoporosis had been found in the experimental rat.

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Field Distributions in Vertebral Bodies of the Rat During Electrical Stimulation: A Parametric Study

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