TY - JOUR
T1 - Formation of disinfection by-products
T2 - Effect of temperature and kinetic modeling
AU - Zhang, Xiao Lu
AU - Yang, Hong Wei
AU - Wang, Xiao Mao
AU - Fu, Jing
AU - Xie, Yuefeng F.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control ( 11Z01ESPCT ), Tsinghua University. Hao-yu Wang and Yao Shan at School of Environment, Tsinghua University are acknowledged for their reference assistance.
PY - 2013/1
Y1 - 2013/1
N2 - The temperature of drinking water fluctuates naturally in water distribution systems as well as often deliberately heated for household or public uses. In this study, the temperature effect on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) was investigated by monitoring the temporal variations of twenty-one DBPs during the chlorination of a humic precursors-containing water at different temperatures. It was found that chloroform, DCAA, TCAA, DCAN and CH were detected at the considerable level of tens of μgL-1. The three regulated DBPs (chloroform, DCAA and TCAA) were found increasing with both contact time and water temperature, while the five typical emerging DBPs (DCAN, CH, TCNM 1,1-DCPN and 1,1,1-TCPN) revealed the significant auto-decomposition in addition to the initial growth in the first few hours. Increasing water temperature could enhance the formation rates of all the eight detected DBPs and the decomposition rates of the five emerging DBPs. Further, a kinetic model was developed for the simulation of DBP formation. The validity and universality of the model were verified by its excellent correlation with the detected values of each DBP species at various temperatures. The formation rates of 1,1-DCPN and 1,1,1-TCPN, and the decomposition rate of 1,1,1-TCPN were faster as compared to the other DBPs. And the formation reaction activation energies of CH, DCAN and 1,1-DCPN were relatively large, indicating that their occurrence levels in the finished water were more susceptible to temperature variations.
AB - The temperature of drinking water fluctuates naturally in water distribution systems as well as often deliberately heated for household or public uses. In this study, the temperature effect on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) was investigated by monitoring the temporal variations of twenty-one DBPs during the chlorination of a humic precursors-containing water at different temperatures. It was found that chloroform, DCAA, TCAA, DCAN and CH were detected at the considerable level of tens of μgL-1. The three regulated DBPs (chloroform, DCAA and TCAA) were found increasing with both contact time and water temperature, while the five typical emerging DBPs (DCAN, CH, TCNM 1,1-DCPN and 1,1,1-TCPN) revealed the significant auto-decomposition in addition to the initial growth in the first few hours. Increasing water temperature could enhance the formation rates of all the eight detected DBPs and the decomposition rates of the five emerging DBPs. Further, a kinetic model was developed for the simulation of DBP formation. The validity and universality of the model were verified by its excellent correlation with the detected values of each DBP species at various temperatures. The formation rates of 1,1-DCPN and 1,1,1-TCPN, and the decomposition rate of 1,1,1-TCPN were faster as compared to the other DBPs. And the formation reaction activation energies of CH, DCAN and 1,1-DCPN were relatively large, indicating that their occurrence levels in the finished water were more susceptible to temperature variations.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.08.060
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.08.060
M3 - Article
C2 - 23026162
AN - SCOPUS:84869874685
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 90
SP - 634
EP - 639
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
IS - 2
ER -