TY - JOUR
T1 - High dietary sodium intake impairs endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy salt-resistant humans
AU - DuPont, Jennifer J.
AU - Greaney, Jody L.
AU - Wenner, Megan M.
AU - Lennon-Edwards, Shannon L.
AU - Sanders, Paul W.
AU - Farquhar, William B.
AU - Edwards, David G.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Background: Excess dietary sodium has been linked to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. In humans, the effects of sodium consumption on endothelial function have not been separated from the effects on blood pressure. The present study was designed to determine if dietary sodium intake affected endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) independently of changes in blood pressure. Method: Fourteen healthy salt-resistant adults were studied (9M, 5F; age 33 ± 2.4 years) in a controlled feeding study. After a baseline run-in diet, participants were randomized to a 7-day high-sodium (300-350 mmol/day) and 7-day low-sodium (20 mmol/day) diet. Salt resistance, defined as a 5 mmHg or less change in a 24-h mean arterial pressure, was individually assessed while on the low-sodium and high-sodium diets and confirmed in the participants undergoing study (low-sodium: 85 ± 1 mmHg; high-sodium: 85 ± 2 mmHg). EDD was determined in each participant via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation on the last day of each diet. Results: Sodium excretion increased during the high-sodium diet (P < 0.01). EDD was reduced on the high-sodium diet (low: 10.3 ± 0.9%, high: 7.3 ± 0.7%; P < 0.05). The high-sodium diet significantly suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma angiotensin II, and aldosterone (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These data demonstrate that excess salt intake in humans impairs endothelium-dependent dilation independently of changes in blood pressure.
AB - Background: Excess dietary sodium has been linked to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. In humans, the effects of sodium consumption on endothelial function have not been separated from the effects on blood pressure. The present study was designed to determine if dietary sodium intake affected endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) independently of changes in blood pressure. Method: Fourteen healthy salt-resistant adults were studied (9M, 5F; age 33 ± 2.4 years) in a controlled feeding study. After a baseline run-in diet, participants were randomized to a 7-day high-sodium (300-350 mmol/day) and 7-day low-sodium (20 mmol/day) diet. Salt resistance, defined as a 5 mmHg or less change in a 24-h mean arterial pressure, was individually assessed while on the low-sodium and high-sodium diets and confirmed in the participants undergoing study (low-sodium: 85 ± 1 mmHg; high-sodium: 85 ± 2 mmHg). EDD was determined in each participant via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation on the last day of each diet. Results: Sodium excretion increased during the high-sodium diet (P < 0.01). EDD was reduced on the high-sodium diet (low: 10.3 ± 0.9%, high: 7.3 ± 0.7%; P < 0.05). The high-sodium diet significantly suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma angiotensin II, and aldosterone (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These data demonstrate that excess salt intake in humans impairs endothelium-dependent dilation independently of changes in blood pressure.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84884183213&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84884183213&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835c6ca8
DO - 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835c6ca8
M3 - Article
C2 - 23263240
AN - SCOPUS:84884183213
SN - 0263-6352
VL - 31
SP - 530
EP - 536
JO - Journal of hypertension
JF - Journal of hypertension
IS - 3
ER -