Historical and Sociolinguistic Insights for Recreation Researchers: Understanding the Terms and Evolution of Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx

Recreation scholars must consider our use of language and labels, especially where racial or ethnic groups have been examined. As the terms used to identify these racial and ethnic populations have changed over the years, our field has haphazardly accepted them. Specifically, the terms Hispanic, Latino, Latinx have been used without understanding (a) the evolution of these terms, (b) their meanings, and (c) the reasons for their use. These terms have been used interchangeably, resulting in sweeping generalizations and inaccurate portrayals of these communities. The purpose of this research reflection is to examine the historical evolution of the terms related to Hispanic/Latino/a/x/e people and the political, cultural, and geographical meanings surrounding each of these concepts. This discussion is not intended to suggest which term is best, but to provide historical precedent for these terms and provide guidance to, and suggestions for, the recreation/leisure field for future studies.