TY - JOUR
T1 - Hot isostatic pressing of transparent nd:Yag ceramics
AU - Lee, Sang Ho
AU - Kupp, Elizabeth R.
AU - Stevenson, Adam J.
AU - Anderson, Julie M.
AU - Messing, Gary L.
AU - Li, Xin
AU - Dickey, Elizabeth C.
AU - Dumm, John Q.
AU - Simonaitis-Castillo, Vida K.
AU - Quarles, Gregory J.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2009/7
Y1 - 2009/7
N2 - This paper demonstrates that fine-grained (2-3 μm), transparent Nd:YAG can be achieved at SiO 2 doping levels as low as 0.02 wt% by the sinter plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) approach. Fine grain size is assured by sintering to 98% density, in order to limit grain growth, followed by HIP. Unlike dry-pressed samples, tape-cast samples were free of large, agglomerate-related pores after sintering, and thus high transparency (i.e., >80% transmission at 1064 nm) could be achieved by HIP at <1750°C along with lower silica levels, thereby avoiding conditions shown to cause exaggerated grain growth. Grain growth was substantially limited at lower SiO 2 levels because silica is soluble in the YAG lattice up to ∼0.02-0.1 wt% at 1750°C, thus allowing sintering and grain growth to occur by solid-state diffusional processes. In contrast, liquid phase enhanced densification and grain growth occur at ∼0.08-0.14 wt% SiO 2, especially at higher temperatures, because the SiO 2 solubility limit is exceeded.
AB - This paper demonstrates that fine-grained (2-3 μm), transparent Nd:YAG can be achieved at SiO 2 doping levels as low as 0.02 wt% by the sinter plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) approach. Fine grain size is assured by sintering to 98% density, in order to limit grain growth, followed by HIP. Unlike dry-pressed samples, tape-cast samples were free of large, agglomerate-related pores after sintering, and thus high transparency (i.e., >80% transmission at 1064 nm) could be achieved by HIP at <1750°C along with lower silica levels, thereby avoiding conditions shown to cause exaggerated grain growth. Grain growth was substantially limited at lower SiO 2 levels because silica is soluble in the YAG lattice up to ∼0.02-0.1 wt% at 1750°C, thus allowing sintering and grain growth to occur by solid-state diffusional processes. In contrast, liquid phase enhanced densification and grain growth occur at ∼0.08-0.14 wt% SiO 2, especially at higher temperatures, because the SiO 2 solubility limit is exceeded.
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03029.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03029.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:67650074576
SN - 0002-7820
VL - 92
SP - 1456
EP - 1463
JO - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
IS - 7
ER -