How does citizen-centric co-production lead to value co-creation? A perspective of interactive governance

This study contributes to co-production research by enhancing the less-focused citizen-centric perspective, traditionally overshadowed by a government-centric view that prioritizes tangible outcomes, while the mechanisms that lead to intangible results like value co-creation are less focused. Through a detailed analysis of Shanghai’s community service regeneration projects, this study elucidates the structured sequential mechanisms of citizen-centric co-production, stemming from the institutional and relational incentives that drive co-production to value co-creation. This research enriches the theoretical discourse on co-production and offers practical insights for citizen-centric public service delivery, highlighting the importance of the interplay of institutional and relational dynamics in value co-creation.