TY - JOUR
T1 - Hunter-Gatherer Mobility Strategies in the High Andes of Northern Chile during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene Transition (ca. 11,500–9500 CAL B.P.)
AU - Osorio, Daniela
AU - Capriles, José M.
AU - Ugalde, Paula C.
AU - Herrera, Katherine A.
AU - Sepúlveda, Marcela
AU - Gayo, Eugenia M.
AU - Latorre, Claudio
AU - Jackson, Donald
AU - De Pol-Holz, Ricardo
AU - Santoro, Calogero M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this study was provided by FONDECYT projects 1120454, 1130808, 3140008, 3130668, and CIHDE CONICYT-REGIONAL R07K1001, CONICYT’s PIA Anillo project code SOC1405, FONDAP #1511009 to CR2, ICM P05-002 and PFB-23 to the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity. CL and RDP also thank ICM NC120066. We recognize the support of Universidad de Tarapacá through the Instituto de Alta Investigación and the Convenio de Desempeño UTA-MINEDUC. We thank E. Calás and C. Salas for their help analyzing the faunal remains, P. Salgado for drafting Figures 1 and 3, and D. Valenzuela for editing an endnote template for JFA. We also thank W. Faundes, S.T. Goldstein, and the anonymous reviewers for helping to improve the contents of this paper.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, © Trustees of Boston University 2017.
PY - 2017/5/4
Y1 - 2017/5/4
N2 - The high Andes of western South America feature extreme ecological conditions that impose important physiological constraints on humans including high-elevation hypoxia and cold stress. This leads to questions regarding how these environments were colonized by the first waves of humans that reached them during the late Pleistocene. Based on previous research, and aided by human behavioral ecology principles, we assess hunter-gatherer behavioral strategies in the Andean highlands during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Specifically, we formulate three mobility strategies and their archaeological expectations and test these using technological and subsistence evidence from the six earliest well-dated highland sites in northern Chile. Our results suggest that all of the studied sites were temporarily occupied for hunting, processing animals, and toolkit maintenance. The sites also exhibit shared technological features within a curatorial strategy albeit with different occupation intensities. From this evidence, we infer that the initial occupations of the highlands were logistical and probably facilitated by increased local resource availability during a period of environmental amelioration.
AB - The high Andes of western South America feature extreme ecological conditions that impose important physiological constraints on humans including high-elevation hypoxia and cold stress. This leads to questions regarding how these environments were colonized by the first waves of humans that reached them during the late Pleistocene. Based on previous research, and aided by human behavioral ecology principles, we assess hunter-gatherer behavioral strategies in the Andean highlands during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Specifically, we formulate three mobility strategies and their archaeological expectations and test these using technological and subsistence evidence from the six earliest well-dated highland sites in northern Chile. Our results suggest that all of the studied sites were temporarily occupied for hunting, processing animals, and toolkit maintenance. The sites also exhibit shared technological features within a curatorial strategy albeit with different occupation intensities. From this evidence, we infer that the initial occupations of the highlands were logistical and probably facilitated by increased local resource availability during a period of environmental amelioration.
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U2 - 10.1080/00934690.2017.1322874
DO - 10.1080/00934690.2017.1322874
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85020183829
SN - 0093-4690
VL - 42
SP - 228
EP - 240
JO - Journal of Field Archaeology
JF - Journal of Field Archaeology
IS - 3
ER -