Hybrid tissue scaffolds for controlled release applications: A study on design and fabrication of hybrid and heterogeneous tissue scaffolds for controlled release applications is presented in this paper

Spatiotemporal delivery of incorporated biological modifiers from synthesised tissue scaffolds has higher speculation to stimulate the complex tissue regeneration process via controlling the extracellular matrix. In this research, we consider the matrix material degradation profile, impregnated biological modifier and permeability of the structure to build hybrid tissue scaffolds based on tissue engineering requirements. Such hybrid structures are modelled, designed and fabricated to control release kinetics spatiotemporally for guided tissue regeneration. Firstly, a computer-aided biodegradation model is developed to simulate the degradation process of micro-patterned polymeric scaffolds. Secondly, scaffolds are biomimetically designed to control internal porous architecture with varying porosity. An optimised internal architecture scheme is developed to enhance permeability i.e. fluid transport to mediate release kinetics through the internal regions. Thirdly, heterogeneous scaffolds are developed with control composition of biomaterials and biological modifiers to synchronise the release kinetics with tissue regeneration. Proposed methods are implemented and illustrative examples are presented.