Identification of putative binding interface of PI(3,5)P₂ lipid on rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) P10 protein

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is an important reovirus that infects both plants and its transmission vector small brown planthopper, causing severe crop loss. High affinity binding between RBSDV P10 and PI(3,5)P₂ lipid layer was measured using biolayer interferometry (BLI). Subcellular co-localization of PI(3,5)P₂ and RBSDV P10 was observed on membranous structures in insect cells with stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging. Putative interacting sites of PI(3,5)P₂ lipid on a computational predicted RBSDV P10 structure were mapped to its “C-domain” (250–470 aa), using HDXMS data. The BLI and STORM results showed binding and co-localization of RBSDV P10, and PI(3,5)P₂ on vesicle-like membranous structures were corroborated with the prediction of the binding interface. Understanding the lipid binding sites on viral proteins will lead to developing strategies to block viral-lipid interaction and disrupt viral pathogenesis in insect vectors and to block virus transmission and achieve disease control of crops in the field.