Impact of physician training level on neonatal tracheal intubation success rates and adverse events: A report from national emergency airway registry for neonates (NEAR4NEOS)

Lindsay Johnston, Taylor Sawyer, Anne Ades, Ahmed Moussa, Jeanne Zenge, Philipp Jung, Stephen Demeo, Kristen Glass, Neetu Singh, Alexandra Howlett, Justine Shults, James Barry, Brianna Brei, Elizabeth Foglia, Akira Nishisaki

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal tracheal intubation (TI) outcomes have been assessed by role, but training level may impact TI success and safety. Effect of physician training level (PTL) on the first-attempt success, adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs), and oxygen desaturation was assessed. Methods: Prospective cohort study in 11 international NEAR4NEOS sites between October 2014 and December 2017. Primary TIs performed by pediatric/neonatal physicians were included. Univariable analysis evaluated association between PTL, patient/practice characteristics, and outcomes. Multivariable analysis with generalized estimating equation assessed for independent association between PTL and outcomes (first-attempt success, TIAEs, and oxygen desaturation ≥20%; attending as reference). Results: Of 2,608 primary TIs, 1,298 were first attempted by pediatric/neonatal physicians. PTL was associated with patient age, weight, comorbidities, TI indication, difficult airway history, premedication, and device. First-attempt success rate differed across PTL (resident 23%, fellow 53%, and attending 60%; p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in TIAEs (resident 22%, fellow 20%, and attending 25%; p = 0.34). Desaturation occurred more frequently with residents (60%), compared to fellows and attendings (46 and 53%; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, adjusted odds ratio of the first-attempt success was 0.18 (95% CI: 0.11-0.30) for residents and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.51-1.24) for fellows. PTL was not independently associated with adjusted odds of TIAEs or severe oxygen desaturation. Conclusion: Higher PTL was associated with increased first-attempt success but not TIAE/oxygen desaturation. Identifying strategies to decrease adverse events during neonatal TI remains critical.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)434-442
Number of pages9
JournalNeonatology
Volume118
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
  • Developmental Biology

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