In Their Own Words: Resources Needed by School Nurses to Facilitate Student Immunization Compliance

Alicia M. Hoke; Heather Stuckey; Chelsea M. Keller; Zhexi Lu; Elizabeth A. Hivner; William A. Calo; Janine M. Strick; Jennifer Kraschnewski

doi:10.1111/josh.12993

In Their Own Words: Resources Needed by School Nurses to Facilitate Student Immunization Compliance

Alicia M. Hoke, Heather Stuckey, Chelsea M. Keller, Zhexi Lu, Elizabeth A. Hivner, William A. Calo, Janine M. Strick, Jennifer Kraschnewski

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance. METHODS: Pennsylvania school nurses (N = 21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. RESULTS: Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	218-226
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of School Health
Volume	91
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12993
State	Published - Mar 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Education
Philosophy
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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10.1111/josh.12993

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title = "In Their Own Words: Resources Needed by School Nurses to Facilitate Student Immunization Compliance",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance. METHODS: Pennsylvania school nurses (N = 21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. RESULTS: Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.",

author = "Hoke, {Alicia M.} and Heather Stuckey and Keller, {Chelsea M.} and Zhexi Lu and Hivner, {Elizabeth A.} and Calo, {William A.} and Strick, {Janine M.} and Jennifer Kraschnewski",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the Pennsylvania Department of Health for their support of this manuscript and planned discussions for next steps. The project described was supported by (1) A research grant from Investigator-Initiated Studies Program of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp; and (2) The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant UL1 TR002014 and Grant UL1 TR00045. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, American School Health Association",

year = "2021",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1111/josh.12993",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "91",

pages = "218--226",

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AU - Hoke, Alicia M.

AU - Stuckey, Heather

AU - Keller, Chelsea M.

AU - Lu, Zhexi

AU - Hivner, Elizabeth A.

AU - Calo, William A.

AU - Strick, Janine M.

AU - Kraschnewski, Jennifer

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the Pennsylvania Department of Health for their support of this manuscript and planned discussions for next steps. The project described was supported by (1) A research grant from Investigator-Initiated Studies Program of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp; and (2) The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant UL1 TR002014 and Grant UL1 TR00045. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, American School Health Association

PY - 2021/3

Y1 - 2021/3

N2 - BACKGROUND: All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance. METHODS: Pennsylvania school nurses (N = 21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. RESULTS: Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.

AB - BACKGROUND: All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance. METHODS: Pennsylvania school nurses (N = 21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis. RESULTS: Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.

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In Their Own Words: Resources Needed by School Nurses to Facilitate Student Immunization Compliance

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