TY - JOUR
T1 - Information processing speed as a predictor of IQ in children with and without specific language impairment in grades 3 and 8
AU - Park, Jisook
AU - Mainela-Arnold, Elina
AU - Miller, Carol A.
N1 - Funding Information:
The original study was supported by a Clinical Research Center Grant PO-DC-02748 from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders . We thank the Child Language Research Center at the University of Iowa and members of the Midwest Collaboration on SLI for the use of data.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Purpose: This study investigated (1) whether nonlinguistic processing speed predicts nonverbal IQ in TD children and children with SLI and (2) if the proposed relationship is different at two time points. Method: The participants consisted of a subset of a longitudinal dataset, 55 typically developing children and 55 children with SLI. Children completed four nonverbal speed tasks and four subtests of the WISC-III. The WISC-III subtests requiring timed and untimed responses were examined separately. Results: Linear mixed model analyses indicated that in both groups, processing speed predicted nonverbal IQ subtests that reward speedy responses, but not IQ subtests that do not. The relationships between processing speed and IQ with speed bonuses did not differ at grades 3 and 8, and these relationships also were not significantly different in children with SLI and their TD peers. Conclusions: The results suggest that the presence of processing speed limitations in many children with SLI raises questions about the utility of timed nonverbal IQ measures as tools for diagnosis of SLI. Future studies should investigate other cognitive assessments that could be used as inclusionary criteria for SLI. Learning outcomes: The reader will be able to (1) describe the relationship between processing speed and nonverbal IQ in children with TD and SLI and (2) discuss problems using an IQ criterion to diagnose children as having SLI.
AB - Purpose: This study investigated (1) whether nonlinguistic processing speed predicts nonverbal IQ in TD children and children with SLI and (2) if the proposed relationship is different at two time points. Method: The participants consisted of a subset of a longitudinal dataset, 55 typically developing children and 55 children with SLI. Children completed four nonverbal speed tasks and four subtests of the WISC-III. The WISC-III subtests requiring timed and untimed responses were examined separately. Results: Linear mixed model analyses indicated that in both groups, processing speed predicted nonverbal IQ subtests that reward speedy responses, but not IQ subtests that do not. The relationships between processing speed and IQ with speed bonuses did not differ at grades 3 and 8, and these relationships also were not significantly different in children with SLI and their TD peers. Conclusions: The results suggest that the presence of processing speed limitations in many children with SLI raises questions about the utility of timed nonverbal IQ measures as tools for diagnosis of SLI. Future studies should investigate other cognitive assessments that could be used as inclusionary criteria for SLI. Learning outcomes: The reader will be able to (1) describe the relationship between processing speed and nonverbal IQ in children with TD and SLI and (2) discuss problems using an IQ criterion to diagnose children as having SLI.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84923095921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84923095921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2014.11.002
DO - 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2014.11.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 25577725
AN - SCOPUS:84923095921
SN - 0021-9924
VL - 53
SP - 57
EP - 69
JO - Journal of Communication Disorders
JF - Journal of Communication Disorders
ER -