Integrated optimization for single-stage-to-orbit using a pulse detonation engine

A new optimization method, called the stochastic process optimization technique, was developed. The integrated optimization of single-stage-to-orbit vehicles with two different engines systems was achieved. Although the performances of the two engine types were different, similar airframe configurations and flight paths were obtained. Additionally, different flight paths for similar airframe configurations were obtained as temporary optimal solutions during the optimization process. This transition of the optimal solution reveals the relationships between the engine performance, the airframe configuration, and the flight path, on which the integrated optimization is based. It was also found that improving the specific impulse at low Mach numbers may improve the feasibility of single-stage-to-orbit vehicles.