Intracardiac echocardiography in complex cardiac catheter ablation procedures

With the availability of catheter ablation for the elimination of complex cardiac arrhythmias, new imaging tools have enhanced the safety and efficacy of procedures performed in the electrophysiology laboratory. We review the use of intracardiac ultrasound (ICE) as the modality that allows real-time monitoring and reconstruction of cardiac anatomy. Practical technical information related to the use of ICE in ablation procedures in general and particular aspects related to ablation of atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease are discussed in this manuscript.