Intracellular Ca-carbonate biomineralization is widespread in cyanobacteria

Karim Benzerara, Feriel Skouri-Panet, Jinhua Li, Céline Férard, Muriel Gugger, Thierry Laurent, Estelle Couradeau, Marie Ragon, Julie Cosmidis, Nicolas Menguy, Isabel Margaret-Oliver, Rosaluz Tavera, Purificación López-Garćia, David Moreira

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

190 Scopus citations

Abstract

Cyanobacteria have played a significant role in the formation of past and modern carbonate deposits at the surface of the Earth using a biomineralization process that has been almost systematically considered induced and extracellular. Recently, a deep-branching cyanobacterial species, Candidatus Gloeomargarita lithophora, was reported to form intracellular amorphous Ca-rich carbonates. However, the significance and diversity of the cyanobacteria in which intracellular biomineralization occurs remain unknown. Here, we searched for intracellular Cacarbonate inclusions in 68 cyanobacterial strains distributed throughout the phylogenetic tree of cyanobacteria. We discovered that diverse unicellular cyanobacterial taxa form intracellular amorphous Ca-carbonates with at least two different distribution patterns, suggesting the existence of at least two distinctmechanisms of biomineralization: (i) one with Ca-carbonate inclusions scattered within the cell cytoplasm such as in Ca. G. lithophora, and (ii) another one observed in strains belonging to the Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 lineage, in which Ca-carbonate inclusions lie at the cell poles. This pattern seems to be linked with the nucleation of the inclusions at the septum of the cells, showing an intricate and original connection between cell division and biomineralization. These findings indicate that intracellular Ca-carbonate biomineralization by cyanobacteria has been overlooked by past studies and open new perspectives on the mechanisms and the evolutionary history of intra- and extracellular Ca-carbonate biomineralization by cyanobacteria.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)10933-10938
Number of pages6
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume111
Issue number30
DOIs
StatePublished - 2014

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General

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