TY - JOUR
T1 - Iron and zinc supplementation does not improve parent or teacher ratings of behavior in first grade Mexican children exposed to lead
AU - Kordas, Katarzyna
AU - Stoltzfus, Rebecca J.
AU - López, Patricia
AU - Rico, Javier Alatorre
AU - Rosado, Jorge L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by The Spencer Foundation, Chicago, Ill
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2005/11
Y1 - 2005/11
N2 - Objective: To determine the efficacy of iron and zinc supplementation on behavior ratings of lead-exposed children. Study design: In this double-blind, randomized trial, 602 first-grade children received 30 mg ferrous fumarate, 30 mg zinc oxide, both, or placebo daily for 6 months. Lead, iron, and zinc status were determined at baseline and follow-up. Parents and teachers provided ratings of child behavior using the Conners Rating Scales. Results: The baseline mean (SD) blood lead concentration was 11.5 (6.1) μg/dL, with 51% of children ≥ 10 μg/dL. The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, estimated by combined parent and teacher ratings, was 6%. At follow-up, parent ratings of oppositional, hyperactive, cognitive problems, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder decreased by 1.5, 1.2, 2.5, and 3.4 points, respectively (P < .05). Teacher ratings of hyperactivity increased by 1.1 points (P = .008), and the mean cognitive problem score declined by 0.7 points (P = .038). There were no treatment effects on mean change in scores, but children receiving any zinc had a higher likelihood of no longer receiving clinically-significant teacher ratings of oppositional behaviors. Conclusions: This regimen of supplementation did not result in consistent improvements in ratings of behavior in lead-exposed children over 6 months.
AB - Objective: To determine the efficacy of iron and zinc supplementation on behavior ratings of lead-exposed children. Study design: In this double-blind, randomized trial, 602 first-grade children received 30 mg ferrous fumarate, 30 mg zinc oxide, both, or placebo daily for 6 months. Lead, iron, and zinc status were determined at baseline and follow-up. Parents and teachers provided ratings of child behavior using the Conners Rating Scales. Results: The baseline mean (SD) blood lead concentration was 11.5 (6.1) μg/dL, with 51% of children ≥ 10 μg/dL. The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, estimated by combined parent and teacher ratings, was 6%. At follow-up, parent ratings of oppositional, hyperactive, cognitive problems, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder decreased by 1.5, 1.2, 2.5, and 3.4 points, respectively (P < .05). Teacher ratings of hyperactivity increased by 1.1 points (P = .008), and the mean cognitive problem score declined by 0.7 points (P = .038). There were no treatment effects on mean change in scores, but children receiving any zinc had a higher likelihood of no longer receiving clinically-significant teacher ratings of oppositional behaviors. Conclusions: This regimen of supplementation did not result in consistent improvements in ratings of behavior in lead-exposed children over 6 months.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=27744506446&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=27744506446&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.06.037
DO - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.06.037
M3 - Article
C2 - 16291354
AN - SCOPUS:27744506446
SN - 0022-3476
VL - 147
SP - 632
EP - 639
JO - Journal of Pediatrics
JF - Journal of Pediatrics
IS - 5
ER -