Abstract
The solution processability of photoactive halide perovskites differentiates them from traditional inorganic semiconducting materials that require multiple post-processing steps such as thermal/vacuum/blowing- and solvent-assisted treatment. Here we report a technical breakthrough of isothermally crystallizing high-quality perovskite films at room-temperature (RT) without the necessity of any post-processing. This process takes advantage of our discovery of a metastable intermediate of lower-dimensionality formed by amine-assisted crystallographic lattice expansion from an initial three-dimensional perovskite. Using in situ optoelectrical/chemical and ex situ structural characterizations, a detailed understanding of the low-dimensional metastable intermediate is developed. In conjunction with the metastable intermediate, the rapid evaporation of the solvent and amine facilitates ultra-fast crystallization at RT within seconds. This RT rapidly synthesized perovskite film exhibits a carrier diffusion length of 2.9 µm and {00l} preferred orientation with an ultrahigh Lotgering factor of 97%. These films are highly compatible to conventional or inverted devices, demonstrating 22.3% and 23.1% power conversion efficiencies, respectively.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 3412-3422 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Energy and Environmental Science |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2020 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Environmental Chemistry
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Nuclear Energy and Engineering
- Pollution