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Learning impairment in honey bees caused by agricultural spray adjuvants
Timothy J. Ciarlo
, Christopher A. Mullin
, James L. Frazier
, Daniel R. Schmehl
Entomology
Research output
:
Contribution to journal
›
Article
›
peer-review
117
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Scopus citations
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Keyphrases
Honey Bee
100%
Learning Impairment
100%
Spray Adjuvants
100%
Agricultural Spray
100%
Organosilicon Surfactants
60%
Learnability
40%
Olfactory Learning
40%
Agrochemicals
40%
Crop Oil Concentrate
40%
Organosilicone
40%
Nonionic
20%
Regulatory Agencies
20%
Lethal Dose
20%
Social Interaction
20%
Deleterious Effects
20%
Pesticides
20%
Active Ingredients
20%
Harmful Effects
20%
Conditioned Response
20%
Nonionic Surfactant
20%
Floral Resources
20%
Almond
20%
Foraging Efficiency
20%
Effects on Learning
20%
Agricultural Pesticides
20%
Biologically Inert
20%
Toxicological Testing
20%
Honey Bee Behavior
20%
Central Valley
20%
Proboscis Extension Response
20%
Honey Bee Health
20%
Global Decline
20%
Colony Level
20%
Antennal Contacts
20%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
Adjuvant
100%
Learning Disorder
100%
Honeybee
100%
Surfactant
37%
Crop
37%
Agricultural Chemical
25%
Nonionic Surfactant
12%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Honey Bees
100%
Agricultural Spray Adjuvant
100%
Surfactant
57%
Ingestion
42%
Concentrates
28%
Oil Crops
28%
Reproducibility
14%
Almond
14%
Proboscis Extension Reflex
14%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Honeybee
100%
Surfactant
57%
Ingestion
42%
Crop
42%
Conditioned Reflex
14%
Social Interaction
14%