TY - JOUR
T1 - Low natural levels of Nosema ceranae in Apis mellifera queens
AU - Traver, Brenna E.
AU - Fell, Richard D.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Aaron Mullins, James Wilson, and Melissa Reiu for field assistance. We also thank Grace Mulholland, Carlyle Brewster, Yanping (Judy) Chen, and Igor Sharakhov for editorial comments. This project was funded in part by grants from the Eastern Apicultural Society and the Virginia Agricultural Council. Partial funding for B.E. Traver was provided through a NSF S-STEM scholarship (DUE-0850198).
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - Queens are the primary female reproductive individuals in honey bee colonies and, while they are generally free from . Nosema ceranae infection, they are nevertheless susceptible. We sought to determine whether queens are naturally infected by . N. ceranae, as these infections could be a factor in the rapid spread of this parasite. Queens were analyzed using real-time PCR and included larval queens, newly emerged, and older mated queens. Overall, we found that all tissues we examined were infected with . N. ceranae at low levels but no samples were infected with . Nosema apis. The infection of the ovaries and spermatheca suggests the possibility of vertical transmission of . N. ceranae.
AB - Queens are the primary female reproductive individuals in honey bee colonies and, while they are generally free from . Nosema ceranae infection, they are nevertheless susceptible. We sought to determine whether queens are naturally infected by . N. ceranae, as these infections could be a factor in the rapid spread of this parasite. Queens were analyzed using real-time PCR and included larval queens, newly emerged, and older mated queens. Overall, we found that all tissues we examined were infected with . N. ceranae at low levels but no samples were infected with . Nosema apis. The infection of the ovaries and spermatheca suggests the possibility of vertical transmission of . N. ceranae.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jip.2012.04.001
DO - 10.1016/j.jip.2012.04.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 22546521
AN - SCOPUS:84861958610
SN - 0022-2011
VL - 110
SP - 408
EP - 410
JO - Journal of invertebrate pathology
JF - Journal of invertebrate pathology
IS - 3
ER -