TY - JOUR
T1 - Maximizing energy efficiency of islanded micro water-energy nexus using co-optimization of water demand and energy consumption
AU - Moazeni, Faegheh
AU - Khazaei, Javad
AU - Pera Mendes, Joao Paulo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/5/15
Y1 - 2020/5/15
N2 - Water and energy systems are interdependent. However, at national and international levels, energy and water systems have been designed individually. To optimize the use of energy resources and have a more sustainable energy processes, a new formulation is proposed in this paper to optimize the energy consumption of water-energy systems at a community scale. More specifically, single-objective, bi-level, and co-optimization models are developed to minimize the energy consumption of a micro water distribution network concerning three scenarios: (1) standalone operation; (2) integrated with a grid-connected micro energy system with no storage unit; and (3) integrated with an off-grid micro energy system with storage units. In all conditions, a mixed integer nonlinear programming formulation is used to solve the optimization problems. Pump operations with varying statuses, flow rates, and speeds are contemplated to formulate the energy consumption of the micro water, considering a quadratic function for the pump's energy head changing with flow rate. The micro water network is designed based on a diurnal pattern of water demand for a network including 1 reservoir, 1 water tank, 6 nodes, and 2 pumps. The micro energy system includes a microgrid with a combined heat and power plant (CHP), diesel (DS) generator, natural gas (NG) generator, renewable sources (solar and wind), and energy storage units. Several case studies are carried out to compare the performance of developed optimization models.
AB - Water and energy systems are interdependent. However, at national and international levels, energy and water systems have been designed individually. To optimize the use of energy resources and have a more sustainable energy processes, a new formulation is proposed in this paper to optimize the energy consumption of water-energy systems at a community scale. More specifically, single-objective, bi-level, and co-optimization models are developed to minimize the energy consumption of a micro water distribution network concerning three scenarios: (1) standalone operation; (2) integrated with a grid-connected micro energy system with no storage unit; and (3) integrated with an off-grid micro energy system with storage units. In all conditions, a mixed integer nonlinear programming formulation is used to solve the optimization problems. Pump operations with varying statuses, flow rates, and speeds are contemplated to formulate the energy consumption of the micro water, considering a quadratic function for the pump's energy head changing with flow rate. The micro water network is designed based on a diurnal pattern of water demand for a network including 1 reservoir, 1 water tank, 6 nodes, and 2 pumps. The micro energy system includes a microgrid with a combined heat and power plant (CHP), diesel (DS) generator, natural gas (NG) generator, renewable sources (solar and wind), and energy storage units. Several case studies are carried out to compare the performance of developed optimization models.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082193154&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85082193154&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114863
DO - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114863
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85082193154
SN - 0306-2619
VL - 266
JO - Applied Energy
JF - Applied Energy
M1 - 114863
ER -