Mechanisms of transthyretin inhibition of β-amyloid aggregation in vitro

Xinyi Li, Xin Zhang, Ali Reza A. Ladiwala, Deguo Du, Jay K. Yadav, Peter M. Tessier, Peter E. Wright, Jeffery W. Kelly, Joel N. Buxbaum

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

120 Scopus citations

Abstract

Tissue-specific overexpression of the human systemic amyloid precursor transthyretin (TTR) ameliorates Alzheimer's disease (AD) phenotypes in APP23 mice. TTR-β-amyloid (Aβ) complexes have been isolated from APP23 and some human AD brains. We now show that substoichiometric concentrations of TTR tetramers suppress Aβ aggregation in vitro via an interaction between the thyroxine binding pocket of the TTR tetramer and Aβ residues 18-21 (nuclear magnetic resonance and epitope mapping). The KD is micromolar, and the stoichiometry is <1 for the interaction (isothermal titration calorimetry). Similar experiments show that engineered monomeric TTR, the best inhibitor of Aβ fibril formation in vitro, did not bind Aβ monomers in liquid phase, suggesting that inhibition of fibrillogenesis is mediated by TTR tetramer binding to Aβ monomer and both tetramer and monomer binding of Aβ oligomers. The thousand-fold greater concentration of tetramer relative to monomer in vivo makes it the likely suppressor of Aβ aggregation and disease in the APP23 mice.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)19423-19433
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Neuroscience
Volume33
Issue number50
DOIs
StatePublished - 2013

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Neuroscience

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