Microchannel methanation using metal decorated nanocarbon-supported catalysts

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCT) and other nanocarbons can be used as support of ruthenium and other metal catalyst for the conversion of CO and CO2 to methane. Catalysts were prepared using different metal precursors, ruthenium trichloride (RuCl _3.xH ₂O), cobalt nitrate hexahydrate [Co(NO3) _2.6H ₂O], different impregnation methods and different MWCT surface chemistry. Acid treatment by concentrated nitric acid generated additional carboxylic and hydroxyl functionalities on the nanotubes, resulting to a superior amount of metal decoration and better dispersion of the nanoparticles. The effect of chemical reduction process and the addition of cobalt were investigated and compared with a typical single metal catalytic system. The metal/MCNTs were deposited over a porous substrate for use in the reaction, enhancing heat and mass transfer while maintaining a low-pressure drop. A new microchannel reactor as developed based on the nanofabricated catalysis to evaluate the chemical activity and selectivity towards reduction of mixed carbon oxides.