TY - JOUR
T1 - Micropropagation of Theobroma cacao L. using somatic embryo-derived plants
AU - Traore, Abdoulaye
AU - Maximova, Siela N.
AU - Guiltinan, Mark J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Dr Zhijan Li for his help in designing the experiments, Erika Barreto for taking care of the plants in the greenhouse, and Sharon Pishak and Ann Young for their technical support. This work was supported in part by the American Cocoa Research Institute Endowed Program in the Molecular Biology of Cocoa, by grants to M.J.G. from the American Cocoa Research Institute and the United States Department of Agriculture Office of International Research Programs, and support from the Agricultural Experiment Station of The Pennsylvania State University (CRIS 3550).
PY - 2003/5
Y1 - 2003/5
N2 - A micropropagation protocol was developed using cacao somatic embryo-derived plants as a source for nodal and apical stem explants, and apical microcuttings. Microcuttings were efficiently rooted and developed into plantlets. Axillary meristems within the remaining decapitated plantlets subsequently developed and were used for production of additional microcuttings, with an average 2.4 growing shoots per decapitated stem. The remaining plantlets were maintained as microcutting stock plants. When nodal stem explants were cultured on thidiazuron medium, axillary buds proliferated and developed into shoots, which were excised and rooted. However, the efficiency of this method is lower than rooting of apical microcuttings harvested directly from stock plants. During root induction, short treatment with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) increased the total percentage of rooted microcuttings up to 89%. Longer exposures to IBA increased the average number of roots per microcutting (from 1.7 to 5.2). Plant acclimatization after rooting was achieved with an average success of 87%. During several months of growth in the greenhouse, the micropropagated plants developed functional taproots. Currently, cocoa plants produced by this micropropagation method have been successfully acclimated to field conditions in Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Saint Lucia.
AB - A micropropagation protocol was developed using cacao somatic embryo-derived plants as a source for nodal and apical stem explants, and apical microcuttings. Microcuttings were efficiently rooted and developed into plantlets. Axillary meristems within the remaining decapitated plantlets subsequently developed and were used for production of additional microcuttings, with an average 2.4 growing shoots per decapitated stem. The remaining plantlets were maintained as microcutting stock plants. When nodal stem explants were cultured on thidiazuron medium, axillary buds proliferated and developed into shoots, which were excised and rooted. However, the efficiency of this method is lower than rooting of apical microcuttings harvested directly from stock plants. During root induction, short treatment with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) increased the total percentage of rooted microcuttings up to 89%. Longer exposures to IBA increased the average number of roots per microcutting (from 1.7 to 5.2). Plant acclimatization after rooting was achieved with an average success of 87%. During several months of growth in the greenhouse, the micropropagated plants developed functional taproots. Currently, cocoa plants produced by this micropropagation method have been successfully acclimated to field conditions in Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Saint Lucia.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0038546872
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0038546872#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1079/IVP2002409
DO - 10.1079/IVP2002409
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0038546872
SN - 1054-5476
VL - 39
SP - 332
EP - 337
JO - In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant
JF - In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant
IS - 3
ER -