Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵr (t)

Dongha Yang; Sawyer D. Campbell; Pingjuan Li Werner; Douglas Henry Werner

doi:10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802

Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t)

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

Microstrip patch antennas are in widespread use due to their high degree of conformability and ease of manufacturing. The cavity model is the most common method to analyze the radiated fields and input impedance of this important class of antennas. This paper extends the cavity model to consider microstrip patch antennas with a time-periodic substrate permittivity, where ϵ_r(t)=ϵ_r(t+T). Importantly, the timeperiodic permittivity modulation enables precise control over the antenna's harmonic response. By employing this approach, we show, for example, that it is theoretically possible to achieve a 40% fractional bandwidth, significantly surpassing the typical 1 - 2% bandwidth of conventional designs. This innovation demonstrates the potential of time-modulated substrate permittivity to revolutionize the performance of microstrip patch antennas.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	816-819
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331523671
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802
State	Published - 2025
Event	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Ottawa, Canada Duration: Jul 13 2025 → Jul 18 2025

Publication series

Name	IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)
ISSN (Print)	1522-3965
ISSN (Electronic)	1947-1491

Conference

Conference	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Ottawa
Period	7/13/25 → 7/18/25

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802

Cite this

Yang, D., Campbell, S. D., Werner, P. L., & Werner, D. H. (2025). Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t). In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings (pp. 816-819). (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802

Yang, Dongha ; Campbell, Sawyer D. ; Werner, Pingjuan Li et al. / Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t). 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. pp. 816-819 (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)).

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title = "Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵr (t)",

abstract = "Microstrip patch antennas are in widespread use due to their high degree of conformability and ease of manufacturing. The cavity model is the most common method to analyze the radiated fields and input impedance of this important class of antennas. This paper extends the cavity model to consider microstrip patch antennas with a time-periodic substrate permittivity, where ϵr(t)=ϵr(t+T). Importantly, the timeperiodic permittivity modulation enables precise control over the antenna's harmonic response. By employing this approach, we show, for example, that it is theoretically possible to achieve a 40\% fractional bandwidth, significantly surpassing the typical 1 - 2\% bandwidth of conventional designs. This innovation demonstrates the potential of time-modulated substrate permittivity to revolutionize the performance of microstrip patch antennas.",

author = "Dongha Yang and Campbell, \{Sawyer D.\} and Werner, \{Pingjuan Li\} and Werner, \{Douglas Henry\}",

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Yang, D, Campbell, SD , Werner, PL & Werner, DH 2025, Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t). in 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 816-819, 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025, Ottawa, Canada, 7/13/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802

Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t). / Yang, Dongha; Campbell, Sawyer D.; Werner, Pingjuan Li et al.
2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. p. 816-819 (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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AU - Werner, Douglas Henry

PY - 2025

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N2 - Microstrip patch antennas are in widespread use due to their high degree of conformability and ease of manufacturing. The cavity model is the most common method to analyze the radiated fields and input impedance of this important class of antennas. This paper extends the cavity model to consider microstrip patch antennas with a time-periodic substrate permittivity, where ϵr(t)=ϵr(t+T). Importantly, the timeperiodic permittivity modulation enables precise control over the antenna's harmonic response. By employing this approach, we show, for example, that it is theoretically possible to achieve a 40% fractional bandwidth, significantly surpassing the typical 1 - 2% bandwidth of conventional designs. This innovation demonstrates the potential of time-modulated substrate permittivity to revolutionize the performance of microstrip patch antennas.

AB - Microstrip patch antennas are in widespread use due to their high degree of conformability and ease of manufacturing. The cavity model is the most common method to analyze the radiated fields and input impedance of this important class of antennas. This paper extends the cavity model to consider microstrip patch antennas with a time-periodic substrate permittivity, where ϵr(t)=ϵr(t+T). Importantly, the timeperiodic permittivity modulation enables precise control over the antenna's harmonic response. By employing this approach, we show, for example, that it is theoretically possible to achieve a 40% fractional bandwidth, significantly surpassing the typical 1 - 2% bandwidth of conventional designs. This innovation demonstrates the potential of time-modulated substrate permittivity to revolutionize the performance of microstrip patch antennas.

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Yang D, Campbell SD , Werner PL , Werner DH. Microstrip Patch Antenna with Time-Periodic Modulation of Substrate Permittivity ϵ_r (t). In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. p. 816-819. (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)). doi: 10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266802