Molecular dynamics simulations of 2D-layered graphene sheets with tandem repeat proteins

Composites with well-ordered and precisely designed molecular structures have the potential to showcase extraordinary physical properties. A high degree of order in the composite's molecular structure can lead to remarkable properties, such as high strength, stiffness, and toughness. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with atomic thickness are used in composites, but their random distribution within the matrix makes it hard to create highly ordered materials. We studied the mechanical properties of newly developed 2D nanosheets of graphene oxide fillers combined with recombinant squid-inspired tandem repeat proteins. Our results showed that these proteins enable precise molecular length and structure control, resulting in consistent mechanical properties that align with the experimental studies. As a result, the mechanical properties of the composite scale linearly based on the number of repeat units in the tandem proteins. This innovation pushes the boundaries of materials engineering and opens up a future where we can engineer the physical properties of composites to achieve the desired levels of mechanical strength and flexibility.