Multiannual patterns of influenza A transmission in Chinese live bird market systems

Kim M. Pepin, Jia Wang, Colleen T. Webb, Gavin J.D. Smith, Mary Poss, Peter J. Hudson, Wenshan Hong, Huachen Zhu, Steven Riley, Yi Guan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

40 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Avian influenza viruses (AIV) cause huge economic losses in poultry industries and pose a substantial threat to human health. However, predicting AIV epizootics and emergence in humans is confounded by insufficient empirical data on the ecology and dynamics of AIV in poultry systems. To address this gap, we quantified incidence patterns for 13 hemagglutinin subtypes of AIV using 6years of surveillance data that were collected from ten different species of poultry and three different types of poultry holdings (contexts) - retail, wholesale, or farms. Methods We collected 42646 samples in Shantou, China between 2000 and 2006. We screened samples for hemagglutinin subtypes 1-13 of AIV and Avian Paramyxovirus-type-1 (APMV-1) using monospecific antisera in hemagglutination inhibition tests. We analyzed the data to determine seasonality patterns, subtype-host, and subtype-subtype interactions as well as subtype bias in incidence in different contexts. Results H3, H6, H9, and APMV-1 were the most prevalent. No significant seasonality was found when all subtypes were considered together. For most AIV subtypes and APMV-1, there was subtype specificity for host, context, and coinfection partner. H5 showed the most generalized host usage pattern, followed by H9 and H6. Conclusion Subtype-specific patterns because of host, context, and other subtypes suggest that risk assessments that exclude these details are likely inaccurate. Surveillance should include longitudinal sampling of multiple host species in multiple contexts. Quantitative models of control strategies must consider multiple subtypes, hosts, and source contexts to assess the effectiveness of interventions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)97-107
Number of pages11
JournalInfluenza and other Respiratory Viruses
Volume7
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2013

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Epidemiology
  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Infectious Diseases

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