Abstract
The High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) and IceCube observatories, through the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) framework, have developed a multimessenger joint search for extragalactic astrophysical sources. This analysis looks for sources that emit both cosmic neutrinos and gamma rays that are produced in photohadronic or hadronic interactions. The AMON system is running continuously, receiving subthreshold data (i.e., data that are not suited on their own to do astrophysical searches) from HAWC and IceCube, and combining them in real time. Here we present the analysis algorithm, as well as results from archival data collected between 2015 June and 2018 August, with a total live time of 3.0 yr. During this period we found two coincident events that have a false-alarm rate (FAR) of <1 coincidence yr-1, consistent with the background expectations. The real-time implementation of the analysis in the AMON system began on 2019 November 20 and issues alerts to the community through the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network with an FAR threshold of <4 coincidences yr-1.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | abcaa4 |
| Journal | Astrophysical Journal |
| Volume | 906 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2021 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
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In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 906, No. 1, abcaa4, 01.01.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Multimessenger gamma-ray and neutrino coincidence alerts using hawc and icecube subthreshold data
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N1 - Funding Information: HAWC: We acknowledge support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF); the US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics; the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Los Alamos National Laboratory; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolo-gía (CONACyT), México, grants 271051, 232656, 260378, 179588, 254964, 258865, 243290, 132197, A1-S-46288, A1-S-22784, cátedras 873, 1563, 341, 323, Red HAWC, México; DGAPA-UNAM grants IG101320, IN111315, IN111716-3, IN111419, IA102019, IN112218; VIEP-BUAP; PIFI 2012, 2013, PROFOCIE 2014, 2015; the University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; the Institute of Geophysics, Planetary Physics, and Signatures at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Polish Science Centre grant DEC-2017/27/B/ ST9/02272; Coordinación de la Investigación Científica de la Universidad Michoacana; Royal Society—Newton Advanced Fellowship 180385; Generalitat Valenciana, grant CIDE-GENT/2018/034; and Chulalongkorn Universityʼs CUniverse (CUAASC) grant. Thanks to Scott Delay, Luciano Díaz, and Eduardo Murrieta for technical support. Funding Information: AMON: This research or portions of it were conducted with Advanced CyberInfrastructure computational resources provided by the Institute for Computational and Data Sciences at the Pennsylvania State University (https://www.icds.psu. edu/). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants PHY-1708146 and PHY-1806854 and the Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos of the Pennsylvania State University. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. F.K. was supported as an Eberly Research Fellow by the Eberly College of Science at the Pennsylvania State University. Funding Information: IceCube: We gratefully acknowledge the following support: USA—US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, US National Science Foundation Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), US Department of Energy National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle Astrophysics Research Computing Center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle Physics Computational Facility at Marquette University; Belgium—Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programs, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany—Bundesmi-nisterium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astro-particle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing Cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden—Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia—Australian Research Council; Canada —Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark— Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand—Marsden Fund; Japan—Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea—National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland—Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom—Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Facilities: HAWC, IceCube, AMON. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1/1
Y1 - 2021/1/1
N2 - The High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) and IceCube observatories, through the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) framework, have developed a multimessenger joint search for extragalactic astrophysical sources. This analysis looks for sources that emit both cosmic neutrinos and gamma rays that are produced in photohadronic or hadronic interactions. The AMON system is running continuously, receiving subthreshold data (i.e., data that are not suited on their own to do astrophysical searches) from HAWC and IceCube, and combining them in real time. Here we present the analysis algorithm, as well as results from archival data collected between 2015 June and 2018 August, with a total live time of 3.0 yr. During this period we found two coincident events that have a false-alarm rate (FAR) of <1 coincidence yr-1, consistent with the background expectations. The real-time implementation of the analysis in the AMON system began on 2019 November 20 and issues alerts to the community through the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network with an FAR threshold of <4 coincidences yr-1.
AB - The High Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC) and IceCube observatories, through the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) framework, have developed a multimessenger joint search for extragalactic astrophysical sources. This analysis looks for sources that emit both cosmic neutrinos and gamma rays that are produced in photohadronic or hadronic interactions. The AMON system is running continuously, receiving subthreshold data (i.e., data that are not suited on their own to do astrophysical searches) from HAWC and IceCube, and combining them in real time. Here we present the analysis algorithm, as well as results from archival data collected between 2015 June and 2018 August, with a total live time of 3.0 yr. During this period we found two coincident events that have a false-alarm rate (FAR) of <1 coincidence yr-1, consistent with the background expectations. The real-time implementation of the analysis in the AMON system began on 2019 November 20 and issues alerts to the community through the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network with an FAR threshold of <4 coincidences yr-1.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099201917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85099201917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/abcaa4
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/abcaa4
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85099201917
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 906
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 1
M1 - abcaa4
ER -