Multiphase multi-detector row computed tomography in the setting of chronic liver disease and orthotopic liver transplantation: Can a series be eliminated in order to reduce radiation dose?

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to explore utilization of multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) in screening for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to modify a liver CT protocol with a goal of dose reduction. METHODS: An electronic mail survey querying HCC surveillance practices was sent. One hundred forty consecutive patients referred for HCC indications underwent 4-phase MDCT of the liver. The unenhanced and delayed phases were evaluated by 3 readers for identification of HCC and reader confidence. The estimated effective dose (ED) was calculated. RESULTS: Computed tomography is primarily used to screen for HCC. Average estimated ED was 35.5 mSv. Unenhanced phase did not add to reader confidence; delayed phase increased confidence in 47% of cases. Thirty-two percent of the screening population had cumulative ED of greater than 200 mSv. CONCLUSIONS: Multi-detector row CT of the liver is used frequently in screening for HCC. Unenhanced phase imaging does not add to HCC detection and may be eliminated to reduce radiation dose.