TY - GEN
T1 - Nanostructure evolution of petroleum based JP-8 and synthetic HRJ, FT derived soot from a gas jet turbine engine
AU - Huang, Chung Hsuan
AU - Vander Wal, Randy Lee
PY - 2013/1/1
Y1 - 2013/1/1
N2 - The environmental and health impacts of soot produced by jet aircraft have gained significant attention. In this paper, high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) data are reported for physical and chemical characterizations of particulate emissions from GE CFM56-2C1 engines on a commercial DC-9 aircraft burning petroleum based - JP-8, and synthetic -HRJ (hydro-treated renewable jet) & FT (Fischer-Tropsch) fuels. Soot physical macro-, micro- nano-structure, and chemical composition are discussed with respect to combustion conditions. Nanostructure of JP-8 derived soot shows a progression from amorphous to graphitic-like as a function of increasing engine power level. However, HRJ and FT derived soot exhibit significant nanostructure across all power levels. Kinetic simulation also indicates that C5 formation -a key member for carbon lamella curvature-is strongly dependent on temperature and fuel-air equivalence ratio. Results are interpreted in terms of different soot formation regions with associated variations in temperature and local equivalence ratio. The driver for such differences is the initial fuel composition.
AB - The environmental and health impacts of soot produced by jet aircraft have gained significant attention. In this paper, high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) data are reported for physical and chemical characterizations of particulate emissions from GE CFM56-2C1 engines on a commercial DC-9 aircraft burning petroleum based - JP-8, and synthetic -HRJ (hydro-treated renewable jet) & FT (Fischer-Tropsch) fuels. Soot physical macro-, micro- nano-structure, and chemical composition are discussed with respect to combustion conditions. Nanostructure of JP-8 derived soot shows a progression from amorphous to graphitic-like as a function of increasing engine power level. However, HRJ and FT derived soot exhibit significant nanostructure across all power levels. Kinetic simulation also indicates that C5 formation -a key member for carbon lamella curvature-is strongly dependent on temperature and fuel-air equivalence ratio. Results are interpreted in terms of different soot formation regions with associated variations in temperature and local equivalence ratio. The driver for such differences is the initial fuel composition.
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M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84946202268
T3 - Fall Technical Meeting of the Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute 2013
SP - 342
EP - 348
BT - Fall Technical Meeting of the Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute 2013
PB - Combustion Institute
T2 - Fall Technical Meeting of the Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute 2013
Y2 - 13 October 2013 through 16 October 2013
ER -
