Nanostructured biointerfaces

The structural diversity of material surfaces in contact with biological organisms such as cells, tissue, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) can dictate the proliferation, differentiation, and overall behavior of cell function. The ability to control the surface chemistry, topology, and elastomechanical strength of a biointerface can have important implications for the multifunctionality of modern biomaterials. In this chapter, we present a generalized summary of nanostructured biointerfaces and their synthesis. We focus primarily on the properties of nanostructured biointerfaces and the process-structure-property (PSP) relationship strategies to design them. The chapter summarizes key biofunctional properties that dictate both their function and behavior. To conclude the chapter, three emergent biotechnological applications are summarized with respect to the design of nanostructured biointerfaces.