Neuropathology of oral-facial-digital syndromes

A 3-month-old female infant with oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFD-I) was found to have extensive malformations of the brain and spinal cord. Our review of other case reports indicated that the most common central nervous sytem malformations found in OFD-I include cerebral epithelial (ependymal) cysts, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebral micropolygyria, and hypoplasia or dysplasia of the cerebellum, pons, and medulla. It is suggested that the individuals with OFD-I syndrome should be carefully studied clinically and pathologically for complex nervous system anomalies.