Nonlinear dielectric response in piezoelectric materials for underwater transducers

N. P. Sherlock; L. M. Garten; S. J. Zhang; T. R. Shrout; R. J. Meyer

doi:10.1063/1.4770355

Nonlinear dielectric response in piezoelectric materials for underwater transducers

N. P. Sherlock, L. M. Garten, S. J. Zhang, T. R. Shrout, R. J. Meyer

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

SONAR transducers based on single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMNT) have demonstrated improvements over conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics. Compositional modifications to PMNT have combined the high piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃ > 2000 pC/N) and electromechanical coupling factor (k₃₃ > 0.90) with the low mechanical losses (Q_M > 1000) of "hard" piezoelectric ceramics. The dielectric losses of single crystal PMNT have not been investigated as extensively as the mechanical losses but may significantly affect the performance of a device when water loaded. In this work, nonlinearities in the dielectric permittivity and losses have been investigated as a function of applied electric field, measurement frequency, and temperature. It is shown that electromechanically "hard" single crystals offer greater stability of the dielectric properties while maintaining a high permittivity with respect to conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	124108
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	112
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4770355
State	Published - Dec 15 2012

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Physics and Astronomy(all)

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10.1063/1.4770355

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title = "Nonlinear dielectric response in piezoelectric materials for underwater transducers",

abstract = "SONAR transducers based on single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMNT) have demonstrated improvements over conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics. Compositional modifications to PMNT have combined the high piezoelectric coefficient (d33 > 2000 pC/N) and electromechanical coupling factor (k33 > 0.90) with the low mechanical losses (QM > 1000) of {"}hard{"} piezoelectric ceramics. The dielectric losses of single crystal PMNT have not been investigated as extensively as the mechanical losses but may significantly affect the performance of a device when water loaded. In this work, nonlinearities in the dielectric permittivity and losses have been investigated as a function of applied electric field, measurement frequency, and temperature. It is shown that electromechanically {"}hard{"} single crystals offer greater stability of the dielectric properties while maintaining a high permittivity with respect to conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics.",

author = "Sherlock, {N. P.} and Garten, {L. M.} and Zhang, {S. J.} and Shrout, {T. R.} and Meyer, {R. J.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Jun Luo (TRS Technologies, Inc.) for providing the single crystals investigated in this work, and for many helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Arlington, VA), and the views contained do not necessarily reflect ONR opinion or policy. ",

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doi = "10.1063/1.4770355",

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AU - Sherlock, N. P.

AU - Garten, L. M.

AU - Zhang, S. J.

AU - Shrout, T. R.

AU - Meyer, R. J.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Jun Luo (TRS Technologies, Inc.) for providing the single crystals investigated in this work, and for many helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Arlington, VA), and the views contained do not necessarily reflect ONR opinion or policy.

PY - 2012/12/15

Y1 - 2012/12/15

N2 - SONAR transducers based on single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMNT) have demonstrated improvements over conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics. Compositional modifications to PMNT have combined the high piezoelectric coefficient (d33 > 2000 pC/N) and electromechanical coupling factor (k33 > 0.90) with the low mechanical losses (QM > 1000) of "hard" piezoelectric ceramics. The dielectric losses of single crystal PMNT have not been investigated as extensively as the mechanical losses but may significantly affect the performance of a device when water loaded. In this work, nonlinearities in the dielectric permittivity and losses have been investigated as a function of applied electric field, measurement frequency, and temperature. It is shown that electromechanically "hard" single crystals offer greater stability of the dielectric properties while maintaining a high permittivity with respect to conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics.

AB - SONAR transducers based on single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMNT) have demonstrated improvements over conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics. Compositional modifications to PMNT have combined the high piezoelectric coefficient (d33 > 2000 pC/N) and electromechanical coupling factor (k33 > 0.90) with the low mechanical losses (QM > 1000) of "hard" piezoelectric ceramics. The dielectric losses of single crystal PMNT have not been investigated as extensively as the mechanical losses but may significantly affect the performance of a device when water loaded. In this work, nonlinearities in the dielectric permittivity and losses have been investigated as a function of applied electric field, measurement frequency, and temperature. It is shown that electromechanically "hard" single crystals offer greater stability of the dielectric properties while maintaining a high permittivity with respect to conventional lead zirconate titanate ceramics.

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Nonlinear dielectric response in piezoelectric materials for underwater transducers

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