Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112

Masamune Oguri; Naohisa Inada; Charles R. Keeton; Bartosz Pindor; Joseph F. Hennawi; Michael D. Gregg; Robert H. Becker; Kuenley Chiu; Wei Zheng; Shin Ichi Ichikawa; Yasushi Suto; Edwin L. Turner; James Annis; Neta A. Bahcall; Jonathan Brinkmann; Francisco J. Castander; Daniel J. Eisenstein; Joshua A. Frieman; Tomotsugu Goto; James E. Gunn; David E. Johnston; Stephen M. Kent; Robert C. Nichol; Gordon T. Richards; Hans Walter Rix; Donald P. Schneider; Erin Scott Sheldon; Alexander S. Szalay

doi:10.1086/382221

Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112

Masamune Oguri, Naohisa Inada, Charles R. Keeton, Bartosz Pindor, Joseph F. Hennawi, Michael D. Gregg, Robert H. Becker, Kuenley Chiu, Wei Zheng, Shin Ichi Ichikawa, Yasushi Suto, Edwin L. Turner, James Annis, Neta A. Bahcall, Jonathan Brinkmann, Francisco J. Castander, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Joshua A. Frieman, Tomotsugu Goto, James E. GunnDavid E. Johnston, Stephen M. Kent, Robert C. Nichol, Gordon T. Richards, Hans Walter Rix, Donald P. Schneider, Erin Scott Sheldon, Alexander S. Szalay

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

95 Scopus citations

Abstract

We study the recently discovered gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112, the first quasar lensed by a cluster of galaxies. It consists of four images with a maximum separation of 14″.62. The system was selected from the photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and has been confirmed as a lensed quasar at z = 1.734 on the basis of deep imaging and spectroscopic follow-up observations. We present color-magnitude relations for galaxies near the lens plus spectroscopy of three central cluster members, which unambiguously confirm that a cluster at z = 0.68 is responsible for the large image separation. We find a wide range of lens models consistent with the data, and despite considerable diversity they suggest four general conclusions: (1) the brightest cluster galaxy and the center of the cluster potential well appear to be offset by several kiloparsecs; (2) the cluster mass distribution must be elongated in the north-south direction, which is consistent with the observed distribution of cluster galaxies; (3) the inference of a large tidal shear (∼0.2) suggests significant substructure in the cluster; and (4) enormous uncertainty in the predicted time delays between the images means that measuring the delays would greatly improve constraints on the models. We also compute the probability of such large-separation lensing in the SDSS quasar sample on the basis of the cold dark matter model. The lack of large-separation lenses in previous surveys and the discovery of one in SDSS together imply a mass fluctuation normalization σ₈ = 1.0_-0.2^+0.4 (95% confidence) if cluster dark matter halos have an inner density profile ρ ∝ r ^-1.5. Shallower profiles would require higher values of σ₈. Although the statistical conclusion might be somewhat dependent on the degree of the complexity of the lens potential, the discovery of SDSS J1004+4112 is consistent with the predictions of the abundance of cluster-scale halos in the cold dark matter scenario.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	78-97
Number of pages	20
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	605
Issue number	1 I
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/382221
State	Published - Apr 10 2004

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.1086/382221

Cite this

Oguri, M., Inada, N., Keeton, C. R., Pindor, B., Hennawi, J. F., Gregg, M. D., Becker, R. H., Chiu, K., Zheng, W., Ichikawa, S. I., Suto, Y., Turner, E. L., Annis, J., Bahcall, N. A., Brinkmann, J., Castander, F. J., Eisenstein, D. J., Frieman, J. A., Goto, T., ... Szalay, A. S. (2004). Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112. Astrophysical Journal, 605(1 I), 78-97. https://doi.org/10.1086/382221

@article{d95fc80bc50e464d80f827d251444c61,

title = "Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112",

abstract = "We study the recently discovered gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112, the first quasar lensed by a cluster of galaxies. It consists of four images with a maximum separation of 14″.62. The system was selected from the photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and has been confirmed as a lensed quasar at z = 1.734 on the basis of deep imaging and spectroscopic follow-up observations. We present color-magnitude relations for galaxies near the lens plus spectroscopy of three central cluster members, which unambiguously confirm that a cluster at z = 0.68 is responsible for the large image separation. We find a wide range of lens models consistent with the data, and despite considerable diversity they suggest four general conclusions: (1) the brightest cluster galaxy and the center of the cluster potential well appear to be offset by several kiloparsecs; (2) the cluster mass distribution must be elongated in the north-south direction, which is consistent with the observed distribution of cluster galaxies; (3) the inference of a large tidal shear (∼0.2) suggests significant substructure in the cluster; and (4) enormous uncertainty in the predicted time delays between the images means that measuring the delays would greatly improve constraints on the models. We also compute the probability of such large-separation lensing in the SDSS quasar sample on the basis of the cold dark matter model. The lack of large-separation lenses in previous surveys and the discovery of one in SDSS together imply a mass fluctuation normalization σ8 = 1.0-0.2+0.4 (95% confidence) if cluster dark matter halos have an inner density profile ρ ∝ r -1.5. Shallower profiles would require higher values of σ8. Although the statistical conclusion might be somewhat dependent on the degree of the complexity of the lens potential, the discovery of SDSS J1004+4112 is consistent with the predictions of the abundance of cluster-scale halos in the cold dark matter scenario.",

author = "Masamune Oguri and Naohisa Inada and Keeton, {Charles R.} and Bartosz Pindor and Hennawi, {Joseph F.} and Gregg, {Michael D.} and Becker, {Robert H.} and Kuenley Chiu and Wei Zheng and Ichikawa, {Shin Ichi} and Yasushi Suto and Turner, {Edwin L.} and James Annis and Bahcall, {Neta A.} and Jonathan Brinkmann and Castander, {Francisco J.} and Eisenstein, {Daniel J.} and Frieman, {Joshua A.} and Tomotsugu Goto and Gunn, {James E.} and Johnston, {David E.} and Kent, {Stephen M.} and Nichol, {Robert C.} and Richards, {Gordon T.} and Rix, {Hans Walter} and Schneider, {Donald P.} and Sheldon, {Erin Scott} and Szalay, {Alexander S.}",

year = "2004",

month = apr,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1086/382221",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "605",

pages = "78--97",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1 I",

}

Oguri, M, Inada, N, Keeton, CR, Pindor, B, Hennawi, JF, Gregg, MD, Becker, RH, Chiu, K, Zheng, W, Ichikawa, SI, Suto, Y, Turner, EL, Annis, J, Bahcall, NA, Brinkmann, J, Castander, FJ, Eisenstein, DJ, Frieman, JA, Goto, T, Gunn, JE, Johnston, DE, Kent, SM, Nichol, RC, Richards, GT, Rix, HW, Schneider, DP, Sheldon, ES & Szalay, AS 2004, 'Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 605, no. 1 I, pp. 78-97. https://doi.org/10.1086/382221

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112

AU - Oguri, Masamune

AU - Inada, Naohisa

AU - Keeton, Charles R.

AU - Pindor, Bartosz

AU - Hennawi, Joseph F.

AU - Gregg, Michael D.

AU - Becker, Robert H.

AU - Chiu, Kuenley

AU - Zheng, Wei

AU - Ichikawa, Shin Ichi

AU - Suto, Yasushi

AU - Turner, Edwin L.

AU - Annis, James

AU - Bahcall, Neta A.

AU - Brinkmann, Jonathan

AU - Castander, Francisco J.

AU - Eisenstein, Daniel J.

AU - Frieman, Joshua A.

AU - Goto, Tomotsugu

AU - Gunn, James E.

AU - Johnston, David E.

AU - Kent, Stephen M.

AU - Nichol, Robert C.

AU - Richards, Gordon T.

AU - Rix, Hans Walter

AU - Schneider, Donald P.

AU - Sheldon, Erin Scott

AU - Szalay, Alexander S.

PY - 2004/4/10

Y1 - 2004/4/10

N2 - We study the recently discovered gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112, the first quasar lensed by a cluster of galaxies. It consists of four images with a maximum separation of 14″.62. The system was selected from the photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and has been confirmed as a lensed quasar at z = 1.734 on the basis of deep imaging and spectroscopic follow-up observations. We present color-magnitude relations for galaxies near the lens plus spectroscopy of three central cluster members, which unambiguously confirm that a cluster at z = 0.68 is responsible for the large image separation. We find a wide range of lens models consistent with the data, and despite considerable diversity they suggest four general conclusions: (1) the brightest cluster galaxy and the center of the cluster potential well appear to be offset by several kiloparsecs; (2) the cluster mass distribution must be elongated in the north-south direction, which is consistent with the observed distribution of cluster galaxies; (3) the inference of a large tidal shear (∼0.2) suggests significant substructure in the cluster; and (4) enormous uncertainty in the predicted time delays between the images means that measuring the delays would greatly improve constraints on the models. We also compute the probability of such large-separation lensing in the SDSS quasar sample on the basis of the cold dark matter model. The lack of large-separation lenses in previous surveys and the discovery of one in SDSS together imply a mass fluctuation normalization σ8 = 1.0-0.2+0.4 (95% confidence) if cluster dark matter halos have an inner density profile ρ ∝ r -1.5. Shallower profiles would require higher values of σ8. Although the statistical conclusion might be somewhat dependent on the degree of the complexity of the lens potential, the discovery of SDSS J1004+4112 is consistent with the predictions of the abundance of cluster-scale halos in the cold dark matter scenario.

AB - We study the recently discovered gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112, the first quasar lensed by a cluster of galaxies. It consists of four images with a maximum separation of 14″.62. The system was selected from the photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and has been confirmed as a lensed quasar at z = 1.734 on the basis of deep imaging and spectroscopic follow-up observations. We present color-magnitude relations for galaxies near the lens plus spectroscopy of three central cluster members, which unambiguously confirm that a cluster at z = 0.68 is responsible for the large image separation. We find a wide range of lens models consistent with the data, and despite considerable diversity they suggest four general conclusions: (1) the brightest cluster galaxy and the center of the cluster potential well appear to be offset by several kiloparsecs; (2) the cluster mass distribution must be elongated in the north-south direction, which is consistent with the observed distribution of cluster galaxies; (3) the inference of a large tidal shear (∼0.2) suggests significant substructure in the cluster; and (4) enormous uncertainty in the predicted time delays between the images means that measuring the delays would greatly improve constraints on the models. We also compute the probability of such large-separation lensing in the SDSS quasar sample on the basis of the cold dark matter model. The lack of large-separation lenses in previous surveys and the discovery of one in SDSS together imply a mass fluctuation normalization σ8 = 1.0-0.2+0.4 (95% confidence) if cluster dark matter halos have an inner density profile ρ ∝ r -1.5. Shallower profiles would require higher values of σ8. Although the statistical conclusion might be somewhat dependent on the degree of the complexity of the lens potential, the discovery of SDSS J1004+4112 is consistent with the predictions of the abundance of cluster-scale halos in the cold dark matter scenario.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=2542510886&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=2542510886&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1086/382221

DO - 10.1086/382221

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:2542510886

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 605

SP - 78

EP - 97

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 I

ER -

Observations and theoretical implications of the large-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this