TY - JOUR
T1 - Overwintering honey bees
T2 - biology and management
AU - Döke, Mehmet Ali
AU - Frazier, Maryann
AU - Grozinger, Christina M.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the members of Grozinger Lab for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful discussion, and Harland Patch and Nick Sloff for expert graphical design assistance with the figures. We would also like to thank to Heli Hvukainen for granting permission to use the representation of Vitellogenin in Figure 1 . MD was supported by the Penn State Lorenzo L. Langstroth Graduate Fellowship in Entomology . Funding supporting the development of this review was provided by an anonymous donor to the Penn State Center for Pollinator Research , a Honey Bee Health Improvement Grant from the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign , and from the USDA-AFRI .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/6/25
Y1 - 2015/6/25
N2 - In temperate climates, honey bees (Apis mellifera) survive the winter by entering a distinct physiological and behavioral state. In recent years, beekeepers are reporting unsustainably high colony losses during the winter, which have been linked to parasitization by Varroa mites, virus infections, geographic location, and variation across honey bee genotypes. Here, we review literature on environmental, physiological, and social factors regulating entrance, maintenance, and exit from the overwintering state in honey bees in temperate regions and develop a testable model to explain how multiple factors may be acting synergistically to regulate this complex transition. We also review existing knowledge of the factors affecting overwintering survival in honey bees and providing suggestions to beekeepers aiming to improve their colonies' overwintering success.
AB - In temperate climates, honey bees (Apis mellifera) survive the winter by entering a distinct physiological and behavioral state. In recent years, beekeepers are reporting unsustainably high colony losses during the winter, which have been linked to parasitization by Varroa mites, virus infections, geographic location, and variation across honey bee genotypes. Here, we review literature on environmental, physiological, and social factors regulating entrance, maintenance, and exit from the overwintering state in honey bees in temperate regions and develop a testable model to explain how multiple factors may be acting synergistically to regulate this complex transition. We also review existing knowledge of the factors affecting overwintering survival in honey bees and providing suggestions to beekeepers aiming to improve their colonies' overwintering success.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cois.2015.05.014
DO - 10.1016/j.cois.2015.05.014
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84930967655
SN - 2214-5745
VL - 10
SP - 185
EP - 193
JO - Current Opinion in Insect Science
JF - Current Opinion in Insect Science
M1 - 147
ER -