TY - JOUR
T1 - Perception and Motivation in Face Recognition
T2 - A Critical Review of Theories of the Cross-Race Effect
AU - Young, Steven G.
AU - Hugenberg, Kurt
AU - Bernstein, Michael J.
AU - Sacco, Donald F.
N1 - Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Preparation of this manuscript was supported by National Science Foundation Grant BCS-0951463 awarded to Kurt Hugenberg.
PY - 2012/5
Y1 - 2012/5
N2 - Although humans possess well-developed face processing expertise, face processing is nevertheless subject to a variety of biases. Perhaps the best known of these biases is the Cross-Race Effect-the tendency to have more accurate recognition for same-race than cross-race faces. The current work reviews the evidence for and provides a critical review of theories of the Cross-Race Effect, including perceptual expertise and social cognitive accounts of the bias. The authors conclude that recent hybrid models of the Cross-Race Effect, which combine elements of both perceptual expertise and social cognitive frameworks, provide an opportunity for theoretical synthesis and advancement not afforded by independent expertise or social cognitive models. Finally, the authors suggest future research directions intended to further develop a comprehensive and integrative understanding of biases in face recognition.
AB - Although humans possess well-developed face processing expertise, face processing is nevertheless subject to a variety of biases. Perhaps the best known of these biases is the Cross-Race Effect-the tendency to have more accurate recognition for same-race than cross-race faces. The current work reviews the evidence for and provides a critical review of theories of the Cross-Race Effect, including perceptual expertise and social cognitive accounts of the bias. The authors conclude that recent hybrid models of the Cross-Race Effect, which combine elements of both perceptual expertise and social cognitive frameworks, provide an opportunity for theoretical synthesis and advancement not afforded by independent expertise or social cognitive models. Finally, the authors suggest future research directions intended to further develop a comprehensive and integrative understanding of biases in face recognition.
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U2 - 10.1177/1088868311418987
DO - 10.1177/1088868311418987
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21878608
AN - SCOPUS:84859412500
SN - 1088-8683
VL - 16
SP - 116
EP - 142
JO - Personality and Social Psychology Review
JF - Personality and Social Psychology Review
IS - 2
ER -