Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC

D. d’Enterria; C. A. Flett; I. Grabowska-Bold; C. Hadjidakis; P. Kotko; A. Kusina; J. P. Lansberg; R. McNulty; M. Rinaldi; L. Bonechi; R. Bruce; C. Da Silva; E. G. Ferreiro; S. Fichet; L. Harland-Lang; G. Innocenti; F. Jonas; J. M. Jowett; R. Longo; K. Lynch; C. McGinn; T. Pierog; M. Pitt; S. Redaelli; B. Schenke; I. Schienbein; M. Stefaniak; M. Strikman; L. Szymanowski; D. Tapia Takaki; C. Van Hulse; S. Wallon

doi:10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5

Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC

D. d’Enterria, C. A. Flett, I. Grabowska-Bold, C. Hadjidakis, P. Kotko, A. Kusina, J. P. Lansberg, R. McNulty, M. Rinaldi, L. Bonechi, R. Bruce, C. Da Silva, E. G. Ferreiro, S. Fichet, L. Harland-Lang, G. Innocenti, F. Jonas, J. M. Jowett, R. Longo, K. LynchC. McGinn, T. Pierog, M. Pitt, S. Redaelli, B. Schenke, I. Schienbein, M. Stefaniak, M. Strikman, L. Szymanowski, D. Tapia Takaki, C. Van Hulse, S. Wallon

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Abstract

The physics case for the operation of high-luminosity proton-nucleus (pA) collisions at the CERN LHC is reviewed. The collection of O (1-10 pb⁻¹) of proton-lead (pPb) collisions at the LHC will provide unique physics opportunities in a broad range of topics including proton and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs and nPDFs), generalised parton distributions (GPDs), transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs), low-x quantum chromodynamics and parton saturation, hadron spectroscopy, baseline studies for quark-gluon plasma and parton collectivity, double and triple parton scatterings, photon-photon collisions, and physics beyond the Standard Model; which are not otherwise as clearly accessible by exploiting data from any other colliding system at the LHC. This report summarises the accelerator aspects of high-luminosity pA operation at the LHC, as well as each of the physics topics outlined above, including the relevant experimental measurements that motivate much larger pA datasets than collected to date.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	090501
Journal	Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Volume	52
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5
State	Published - Sep 30 2025

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5

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d’Enterria, D., Flett, C. A., Grabowska-Bold, I., Hadjidakis, C., Kotko, P., Kusina, A., Lansberg, J. P., McNulty, R., Rinaldi, M., Bonechi, L., Bruce, R., Silva, C. D., Ferreiro, E. G., Fichet, S., Harland-Lang, L., Innocenti, G., Jonas, F., Jowett, J. M., Longo, R., ... Wallon, S. (2025). Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 52(9), Article 090501. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5

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title = "Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC",

abstract = "The physics case for the operation of high-luminosity proton-nucleus (pA) collisions at the CERN LHC is reviewed. The collection of O (1-10 pb−1) of proton-lead (pPb) collisions at the LHC will provide unique physics opportunities in a broad range of topics including proton and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs and nPDFs), generalised parton distributions (GPDs), transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs), low-x quantum chromodynamics and parton saturation, hadron spectroscopy, baseline studies for quark-gluon plasma and parton collectivity, double and triple parton scatterings, photon-photon collisions, and physics beyond the Standard Model; which are not otherwise as clearly accessible by exploiting data from any other colliding system at the LHC. This report summarises the accelerator aspects of high-luminosity pA operation at the LHC, as well as each of the physics topics outlined above, including the relevant experimental measurements that motivate much larger pA datasets than collected to date.",

author = "D. d{\textquoteright}Enterria and Flett, \{C. A.\} and I. Grabowska-Bold and C. Hadjidakis and P. Kotko and A. Kusina and Lansberg, \{J. P.\} and R. McNulty and M. Rinaldi and L. Bonechi and R. Bruce and Silva, \{C. Da\} and Ferreiro, \{E. G.\} and S. Fichet and L. Harland-Lang and G. Innocenti and F. Jonas and Jowett, \{J. M.\} and R. Longo and K. Lynch and C. McGinn and T. Pierog and M. Pitt and S. Redaelli and B. Schenke and I. Schienbein and M. Stefaniak and M. Strikman and L. Szymanowski and Takaki, \{D. Tapia\} and Hulse, \{C. Van\} and S. Wallon",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.",

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month = sep,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5",

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d’Enterria, D, Flett, CA, Grabowska-Bold, I, Hadjidakis, C, Kotko, P, Kusina, A, Lansberg, JP, McNulty, R, Rinaldi, M, Bonechi, L, Bruce, R, Silva, CD, Ferreiro, EG, Fichet, S, Harland-Lang, L, Innocenti, G, Jonas, F, Jowett, JM, Longo, R, Lynch, K, McGinn, C, Pierog, T, Pitt, M, Redaelli, S, Schenke, B, Schienbein, I, Stefaniak, M, Strikman, M, Szymanowski, L, Takaki, DT, Hulse, CV & Wallon, S 2025, 'Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC', Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, vol. 52, no. 9, 090501. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/adeda5

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T1 - Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC

AU - d’Enterria, D.

AU - Flett, C. A.

AU - Grabowska-Bold, I.

AU - Hadjidakis, C.

AU - Kotko, P.

AU - Kusina, A.

AU - Lansberg, J. P.

AU - McNulty, R.

AU - Rinaldi, M.

AU - Bonechi, L.

AU - Bruce, R.

AU - Silva, C. Da

AU - Ferreiro, E. G.

AU - Fichet, S.

AU - Harland-Lang, L.

AU - Innocenti, G.

AU - Jonas, F.

AU - Jowett, J. M.

AU - Longo, R.

AU - Lynch, K.

AU - McGinn, C.

AU - Pierog, T.

AU - Pitt, M.

AU - Redaelli, S.

AU - Schenke, B.

AU - Schienbein, I.

AU - Stefaniak, M.

AU - Strikman, M.

AU - Szymanowski, L.

AU - Takaki, D. Tapia

AU - Hulse, C. Van

AU - Wallon, S.

PY - 2025/9/30

Y1 - 2025/9/30

N2 - The physics case for the operation of high-luminosity proton-nucleus (pA) collisions at the CERN LHC is reviewed. The collection of O (1-10 pb−1) of proton-lead (pPb) collisions at the LHC will provide unique physics opportunities in a broad range of topics including proton and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs and nPDFs), generalised parton distributions (GPDs), transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs), low-x quantum chromodynamics and parton saturation, hadron spectroscopy, baseline studies for quark-gluon plasma and parton collectivity, double and triple parton scatterings, photon-photon collisions, and physics beyond the Standard Model; which are not otherwise as clearly accessible by exploiting data from any other colliding system at the LHC. This report summarises the accelerator aspects of high-luminosity pA operation at the LHC, as well as each of the physics topics outlined above, including the relevant experimental measurements that motivate much larger pA datasets than collected to date.

AB - The physics case for the operation of high-luminosity proton-nucleus (pA) collisions at the CERN LHC is reviewed. The collection of O (1-10 pb−1) of proton-lead (pPb) collisions at the LHC will provide unique physics opportunities in a broad range of topics including proton and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs and nPDFs), generalised parton distributions (GPDs), transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs), low-x quantum chromodynamics and parton saturation, hadron spectroscopy, baseline studies for quark-gluon plasma and parton collectivity, double and triple parton scatterings, photon-photon collisions, and physics beyond the Standard Model; which are not otherwise as clearly accessible by exploiting data from any other colliding system at the LHC. This report summarises the accelerator aspects of high-luminosity pA operation at the LHC, as well as each of the physics topics outlined above, including the relevant experimental measurements that motivate much larger pA datasets than collected to date.

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SN - 0954-3899

VL - 52

JO - Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics

JF - Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics

IS - 9

M1 - 090501

ER -

Physics with high-luminosity proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC

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