Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25

Susan E. Thompson; Jeffrey L. Coughlin; Kelsey Hoffman; Fergal Mullally; Jessie L. Christiansen; Christopher J. Burke; Steve Bryson; Natalie Batalha; Michael R. Haas; Joseph Catanzarite; Jason F. Rowe; Geert Barentsen; Douglas A. Caldwell; Bruce D. Clarke; Jon M. Jenkins; Jie Li; David W. Latham; Jack J. Lissauer; Savita Mathur; Robert L. Morris; Shawn E. Seader; Jeffrey C. Smith; Todd C. Klaus; Joseph D. Twicken; Jeffrey E. Van Cleve; Bill Wohler; Rachel Akeson; David R. Ciardi; William D. Cochran; Christopher E. Henze; Steve B. Howell; Daniel Huber; Andrej Prša; Solange V. Ramírez; Timothy D. Morton; Thomas Barclay; Jennifer R. Campbell; William J. Chaplin; David Charbonneau; Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard; Jessie L. Dotson; Laurance Doyle; Edward W. Dunham; Andrea K. Dupree; Eric B. Ford; John C. Geary; Forrest R. Girouard; Howard Isaacson; Hans Kjeldsen; Elisa V. Quintana; Darin Ragozzine; Megan Shabram; Avi Shporer; Victor Silva Aguirre; Jason H. Steffen; Martin Still; Peter Tenenbaum; William F. Welsh; Angie Wolfgang; Khadeejah A. Zamudio; David G. Koch; William J. Borucki

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25

Susan E. Thompson, Jeffrey L. Coughlin, Kelsey Hoffman, Fergal Mullally, Jessie L. Christiansen, Christopher J. Burke, Steve Bryson, Natalie Batalha, Michael R. Haas, Joseph Catanzarite, Jason F. Rowe, Geert Barentsen, Douglas A. Caldwell, Bruce D. Clarke, Jon M. Jenkins, Jie Li, David W. Latham, Jack J. Lissauer, Savita Mathur, Robert L. MorrisShawn E. Seader, Jeffrey C. Smith, Todd C. Klaus, Joseph D. Twicken, Jeffrey E. Van Cleve, Bill Wohler, Rachel Akeson, David R. Ciardi, William D. Cochran, Christopher E. Henze, Steve B. Howell, Daniel Huber, Andrej Prša, Solange V. Ramírez, Timothy D. Morton, Thomas Barclay, Jennifer R. Campbell, William J. Chaplin, David Charbonneau, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jessie L. Dotson, Laurance Doyle, Edward W. Dunham, Andrea K. Dupree, Eric B. Ford, John C. Geary, Forrest R. Girouard, Howard Isaacson, Hans Kjeldsen, Elisa V. Quintana, Darin Ragozzine, Megan Shabram, Avi Shporer, Victor Silva Aguirre, Jason H. Steffen, Martin Still, Peter Tenenbaum, William F. Welsh, Angie Wolfgang, Khadeejah A. Zamudio, David G. Koch, William J. Borucki

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Abstract

We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4 yr of Kepler time series photometry (Data Release 25, Q1-Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are new, including two in multiplanet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05) and 10 high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog was created using a tool called the Robovetter, which automatically vets the DR25 threshold crossing events (TCEs). The Robovetter also vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discuss the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and 500 days around FGK-dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits, and all of the simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	38
Journal	Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume	235
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9
State	Published - Apr 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

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Thompson, S. E., Coughlin, J. L., Hoffman, K., Mullally, F., Christiansen, J. L., Burke, C. J., Bryson, S., Batalha, N., Haas, M. R., Catanzarite, J., Rowe, J. F., Barentsen, G., Caldwell, D. A., Clarke, B. D., Jenkins, J. M., Li, J., Latham, D. W., Lissauer, J. J., Mathur, S., ... Borucki, W. J. (2018). Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25. Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, 235(2), Article 38. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

@article{f18e1669974049bbb5a89ed582694b37,

title = "Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25",

abstract = "We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4 yr of Kepler time series photometry (Data Release 25, Q1-Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are new, including two in multiplanet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05) and 10 high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog was created using a tool called the Robovetter, which automatically vets the DR25 threshold crossing events (TCEs). The Robovetter also vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discuss the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and 500 days around FGK-dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits, and all of the simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.",

author = "Thompson, {Susan E.} and Coughlin, {Jeffrey L.} and Kelsey Hoffman and Fergal Mullally and Christiansen, {Jessie L.} and Burke, {Christopher J.} and Steve Bryson and Natalie Batalha and Haas, {Michael R.} and Joseph Catanzarite and Rowe, {Jason F.} and Geert Barentsen and Caldwell, {Douglas A.} and Clarke, {Bruce D.} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Jie Li and Latham, {David W.} and Lissauer, {Jack J.} and Savita Mathur and Morris, {Robert L.} and Seader, {Shawn E.} and Smith, {Jeffrey C.} and Klaus, {Todd C.} and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and {Van Cleve}, {Jeffrey E.} and Bill Wohler and Rachel Akeson and Ciardi, {David R.} and Cochran, {William D.} and Henze, {Christopher E.} and Howell, {Steve B.} and Daniel Huber and Andrej Pr{\v s}a and Ram{\'i}rez, {Solange V.} and Morton, {Timothy D.} and Thomas Barclay and Campbell, {Jennifer R.} and Chaplin, {William J.} and David Charbonneau and J{\o}rgen Christensen-Dalsgaard and Dotson, {Jessie L.} and Laurance Doyle and Dunham, {Edward W.} and Dupree, {Andrea K.} and Ford, {Eric B.} and Geary, {John C.} and Girouard, {Forrest R.} and Howard Isaacson and Hans Kjeldsen and Quintana, {Elisa V.} and Darin Ragozzine and Megan Shabram and Avi Shporer and Aguirre, {Victor Silva} and Steffen, {Jason H.} and Martin Still and Peter Tenenbaum and Welsh, {William F.} and Angie Wolfgang and Zamudio, {Khadeejah A.} and Koch, {David G.} and Borucki, {William J.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for providing comments that improved the clarity and accuracy of this manuscript. This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. The Kepler mission was a PI-led Discovery Class Mission funded by the NASA Science Mission directorate. The authors acknowledge the efforts of the Kepler mission team for generating the many data products used to create the KOI catalog. These products were generated by the Kepler mission science pipeline through the efforts of the Kepler Science Operations Center and Science Office. The Kepler mission is led by the project office at NASA Ames Research Center. Ball Aerospace built the Kepler photometer and spacecraft, which is operated by the mission operations center at LASP. We acknowledge the Kepler Education and Outreach team for their efforts in making the results of this paper accessible to the public. We thank the many scientists who contributed to the Kepler mission over the years, including R. Gilliland, E. Furlan, J. Orosz, and K. Col{\'o}n. We thank the managers and engineers who worked on Kepler over the years, without whom we would not have had a successful Kepler mission. This research has made use of NASA{\textquoteright}s Astrophysics Data System. We thank GNU parallel for enabling rapid running of the Robovetter input metrics (Tange 2011). We thank P. P. Mullally for inspiring the names of certain algorithms. Thank you to Turbo-King et al. (2017) for a spirited discussion. Some of the data products used in this paper are archived at the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. J.F.R. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX14AB82G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. This research was undertaken, in part, thanks to funding from the Canada Research Chairs program. This research was enabled, in part, by support provided by Calcul Qu{\'e}bec (www.calculquebec.ca) and Compute Canada (www.computecanada.ca). D.H. and S.M. acknowledge support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NNX14AB92G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. J.L.C. is supported by NASA under award no. GRNASM99G000001. J.S. is supported by the NASA Kepler Participating Scientist Program NNX16AK32G. W.F.W. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA via the Kepler Participating Scientist Program grant NNX14AB91G. V. S.A. acknowledges support from VILLUM FONDEN (research grant 10118). Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by the Danish National Research Foundation (grant DNRF106). The research was supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement no. 267864). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.",

year = "2018",

month = apr,

doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "235",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Thompson, SE, Coughlin, JL, Hoffman, K, Mullally, F, Christiansen, JL, Burke, CJ, Bryson, S, Batalha, N, Haas, MR, Catanzarite, J, Rowe, JF, Barentsen, G, Caldwell, DA, Clarke, BD, Jenkins, JM, Li, J, Latham, DW, Lissauer, JJ, Mathur, S, Morris, RL, Seader, SE, Smith, JC, Klaus, TC, Twicken, JD, Van Cleve, JE, Wohler, B, Akeson, R, Ciardi, DR, Cochran, WD, Henze, CE, Howell, SB, Huber, D, Prša, A, Ramírez, SV, Morton, TD, Barclay, T, Campbell, JR, Chaplin, WJ, Charbonneau, D, Christensen-Dalsgaard, J, Dotson, JL, Doyle, L, Dunham, EW, Dupree, AK, Ford, EB, Geary, JC, Girouard, FR, Isaacson, H, Kjeldsen, H, Quintana, EV, Ragozzine, D, Shabram, M, Shporer, A, Aguirre, VS, Steffen, JH, Still, M, Tenenbaum, P, Welsh, WF, Wolfgang, A, Zamudio, KA, Koch, DG & Borucki, WJ 2018, 'Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25', Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, vol. 235, no. 2, 38. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25

AU - Thompson, Susan E.

AU - Coughlin, Jeffrey L.

AU - Hoffman, Kelsey

AU - Mullally, Fergal

AU - Christiansen, Jessie L.

AU - Burke, Christopher J.

AU - Bryson, Steve

AU - Batalha, Natalie

AU - Haas, Michael R.

AU - Catanzarite, Joseph

AU - Rowe, Jason F.

AU - Barentsen, Geert

AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.

AU - Clarke, Bruce D.

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Li, Jie

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Lissauer, Jack J.

AU - Mathur, Savita

AU - Morris, Robert L.

AU - Seader, Shawn E.

AU - Smith, Jeffrey C.

AU - Klaus, Todd C.

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Van Cleve, Jeffrey E.

AU - Wohler, Bill

AU - Akeson, Rachel

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Cochran, William D.

AU - Henze, Christopher E.

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Huber, Daniel

AU - Prša, Andrej

AU - Ramírez, Solange V.

AU - Morton, Timothy D.

AU - Barclay, Thomas

AU - Campbell, Jennifer R.

AU - Chaplin, William J.

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen

AU - Dotson, Jessie L.

AU - Doyle, Laurance

AU - Dunham, Edward W.

AU - Dupree, Andrea K.

AU - Ford, Eric B.

AU - Geary, John C.

AU - Girouard, Forrest R.

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Kjeldsen, Hans

AU - Quintana, Elisa V.

AU - Ragozzine, Darin

AU - Shabram, Megan

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Aguirre, Victor Silva

AU - Steffen, Jason H.

AU - Still, Martin

AU - Tenenbaum, Peter

AU - Welsh, William F.

AU - Wolfgang, Angie

AU - Zamudio, Khadeejah A.

AU - Koch, David G.

AU - Borucki, William J.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for providing comments that improved the clarity and accuracy of this manuscript. This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. The Kepler mission was a PI-led Discovery Class Mission funded by the NASA Science Mission directorate. The authors acknowledge the efforts of the Kepler mission team for generating the many data products used to create the KOI catalog. These products were generated by the Kepler mission science pipeline through the efforts of the Kepler Science Operations Center and Science Office. The Kepler mission is led by the project office at NASA Ames Research Center. Ball Aerospace built the Kepler photometer and spacecraft, which is operated by the mission operations center at LASP. We acknowledge the Kepler Education and Outreach team for their efforts in making the results of this paper accessible to the public. We thank the many scientists who contributed to the Kepler mission over the years, including R. Gilliland, E. Furlan, J. Orosz, and K. Colón. We thank the managers and engineers who worked on Kepler over the years, without whom we would not have had a successful Kepler mission. This research has made use of NASA’s Astrophysics Data System. We thank GNU parallel for enabling rapid running of the Robovetter input metrics (Tange 2011). We thank P. P. Mullally for inspiring the names of certain algorithms. Thank you to Turbo-King et al. (2017) for a spirited discussion. Some of the data products used in this paper are archived at the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. J.F.R. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX14AB82G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. This research was undertaken, in part, thanks to funding from the Canada Research Chairs program. This research was enabled, in part, by support provided by Calcul Québec (www.calculquebec.ca) and Compute Canada (www.computecanada.ca). D.H. and S.M. acknowledge support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NNX14AB92G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. J.L.C. is supported by NASA under award no. GRNASM99G000001. J.S. is supported by the NASA Kepler Participating Scientist Program NNX16AK32G. W.F.W. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA via the Kepler Participating Scientist Program grant NNX14AB91G. V. S.A. acknowledges support from VILLUM FONDEN (research grant 10118). Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by the Danish National Research Foundation (grant DNRF106). The research was supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement no. 267864). Publisher Copyright: © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/4

Y1 - 2018/4

N2 - We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4 yr of Kepler time series photometry (Data Release 25, Q1-Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are new, including two in multiplanet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05) and 10 high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog was created using a tool called the Robovetter, which automatically vets the DR25 threshold crossing events (TCEs). The Robovetter also vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discuss the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and 500 days around FGK-dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits, and all of the simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.

AB - We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4 yr of Kepler time series photometry (Data Release 25, Q1-Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are new, including two in multiplanet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05) and 10 high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog was created using a tool called the Robovetter, which automatically vets the DR25 threshold crossing events (TCEs). The Robovetter also vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discuss the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and 500 days around FGK-dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits, and all of the simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047340672&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85047340672&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85047340672

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 235

JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

IS - 2

M1 - 38

ER -

Planetary candidates observed by kepler. VIII. A fully automated catalog with measured completeness and reliability based on data release 25

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