TY - JOUR
T1 - Plasma fatty acid changes following consumption of dietary oils containing n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acids at different proportions
T2 - Preliminary findings of the Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT)
AU - Senanayake, Vijitha K.
AU - Pu, Shuaihua
AU - Jenkins, David A.
AU - Lamarche, Benoît
AU - Kris-Etherton, Penny M.
AU - West, Sheila G.
AU - Fleming, Jennifer A.
AU - Liu, Xiaoran
AU - McCrea, Cindy E.
AU - Jones, Peter J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Canola Council of Canada, Flax Council of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dow Agrosciences, Canada Research Chairs, and Western Grains Research Foundation collectively funded this study through the Growing Forward program of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The project described was also supported by the National Center for Research Resources, Grant UL1 RR033184, and is now at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Grant UL1 TR000127. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. The authors acknowledge Dr Todd Rideout, assistant professor at University of Buffalo for contribution to the initial clinical trial design. Dr Rasheda Rabbani, biostatistician at Manitoba Institute of Child Health is kindly acknowledged for statistical analysis of data. Funders did not participate in the design, conduct, management, data collection and analysis or preparation and review of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
PJJ reported receiving grants from Advanced Foods and Materials Network (AFM Net), Danone, Enzymotec, Unilever, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and Canada Research Chair Endowment (CRCE) of the Federal Government of Canada. PJJ also serves as President of Nutritional Fundamentals for Health Inc, which markets plant sterols among other nutraceuticals. BL has received research grants from the Dairy Farmers of Canada, Dairy Australia, Danone Institute and Atrium Innovations, and honoraria from Unilever, Danone, and the Dairy Farmers of Canada. BL is Chair in Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health, supported in part by Provigo/Loblaws. DAJ reported serving on the Scientific Advisory Board of Unilever, Sanitarium Company, California Strawberry Commission, Loblaw Supermarket, Herbal Life International, Nutritional Fundamental for Health, Pacific Health Laboratories, Metagenics, Bayer Consumer Care, Orafti, Dean Foods, Kellogg’s, Quaker Oats, Procter & Gamble, Coca-Cola, NuVal Griffin Hospital, Abbott, Pulse Canada, Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, and Canola Council of Canada; receiving honoraria for scientific advice from the Almond Board of California, International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation, Barilla, Unilever Canada, Solae, Oldways, Kellogg’s, Quaker Oats, Procter & Gamble, Coca-Cola, NuVal Griffin Hospital, Abbott, Canola Council of Canada, Dean Foods, California Strawberry Commission, Haine Celestial, and Alpro Foundation; being on the speakers panel for the Almond Board of California; receiving research grants from Loblaw Brands Ltd, Unilever, Barilla, Almond Board of California, Solae, Haine Celestial, Sanitarium Company, Orafti, International Tree Nut Council, and Peanut Institute; and receiving travel support to meetings from the Almond Board of California, Unilever, Alpro Foundation, and International Tree Nut Council, Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Ontario Research Fund. DAJ receives salary support as a Canada Research Chair from the federal government of Canada. DAJ’s wife is a director of Glycemic Index Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. SGW has received research funding and consulting fees from the Canola Council of Canada and Flax Canada 2013. PMKE serves on the Unilever Scientific Advisory Board. Other authors did not report any conflicts of financial interests.
PY - 2014/4/23
Y1 - 2014/4/23
N2 - Background: The Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT) was a randomized controlled crossover study designed to evaluate the effects of five diets that provided different oils and/or oil blends on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in individuals with abdominal obesity. The present objective is to report preliminary findings on plasma fatty acid profiles in volunteers with abdominal obesity, following the consumption of diets enriched with n-3, n-6 and n-9 fatty acids.Methods: COMIT was conducted at three clinical sites, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Québec City, Québec, Canada and University Park, Pennsylvania, United States. Inclusion criteria were at least one of the followings: waist circumference (≥90 cm for males and ≥84 cm for females), and at least one other criterion: triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol <1 mmol/L (males) or <1.3 mmol/L (females), blood pressure ≥130 mmHg (systolic) and/or ≥85 mmHg (diastolic), and glucose ≥5.5 mmol/L. Weight-maintaining diets that included shakes with one of the dietary oil blends were provided during each of the five 30-day dietary phases. Dietary phases were separated by four-week washout periods. Treatment oils were canola oil, high oleic canola oil, high oleic canola oil enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), flax oil and safflower oil blend, and corn oil and safflower oil blend. A per protocol approach with a mixed model analysis was decided to be appropriate for data analysis.Results: One hundred and seventy volunteers were randomized and 130 completed the study with a dropout rate of 23.5%. The mean plasma total DHA concentrations, which were analyzed among all participants as a measure of adherence, increased by more than 100% in the DHA-enriched phase, compared to other phases, demonstrating excellent dietary adherence.Conclusions: Recruitment and retention strategies were effective in achieving a sufficient number of participants who completed the study protocol to enable sufficient statistical power to resolve small differences in outcome measures. It is expected that the study will generate important data thereby enhancing our understanding of the effects of n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acid-containing oils on CVD risks.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01351012.
AB - Background: The Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT) was a randomized controlled crossover study designed to evaluate the effects of five diets that provided different oils and/or oil blends on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in individuals with abdominal obesity. The present objective is to report preliminary findings on plasma fatty acid profiles in volunteers with abdominal obesity, following the consumption of diets enriched with n-3, n-6 and n-9 fatty acids.Methods: COMIT was conducted at three clinical sites, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Québec City, Québec, Canada and University Park, Pennsylvania, United States. Inclusion criteria were at least one of the followings: waist circumference (≥90 cm for males and ≥84 cm for females), and at least one other criterion: triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol <1 mmol/L (males) or <1.3 mmol/L (females), blood pressure ≥130 mmHg (systolic) and/or ≥85 mmHg (diastolic), and glucose ≥5.5 mmol/L. Weight-maintaining diets that included shakes with one of the dietary oil blends were provided during each of the five 30-day dietary phases. Dietary phases were separated by four-week washout periods. Treatment oils were canola oil, high oleic canola oil, high oleic canola oil enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), flax oil and safflower oil blend, and corn oil and safflower oil blend. A per protocol approach with a mixed model analysis was decided to be appropriate for data analysis.Results: One hundred and seventy volunteers were randomized and 130 completed the study with a dropout rate of 23.5%. The mean plasma total DHA concentrations, which were analyzed among all participants as a measure of adherence, increased by more than 100% in the DHA-enriched phase, compared to other phases, demonstrating excellent dietary adherence.Conclusions: Recruitment and retention strategies were effective in achieving a sufficient number of participants who completed the study protocol to enable sufficient statistical power to resolve small differences in outcome measures. It is expected that the study will generate important data thereby enhancing our understanding of the effects of n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acid-containing oils on CVD risks.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01351012.
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U2 - 10.1186/1745-6215-15-136
DO - 10.1186/1745-6215-15-136
M3 - Article
C2 - 24754911
AN - SCOPUS:84900344483
SN - 1745-6215
VL - 15
JO - Trials
JF - Trials
IS - 1
M1 - 136
ER -