Polarized x-rays from a magnetar

Roberto Taverna; Roberto Turolla; Fabio Muleri; Jeremy Heyl; Silvia Zane; Luca Baldini; Denis González-Caniulef; Matteo Bachetti; John Rankin; Ilaria Caiazzo; Niccolò Di Lalla; Victor Doroshenko; Manel Errando; Ephraim Gau; Demet Kırmızıbayrak; Henric Krawczynski; Michela Negro; Mason Ng; Nicola Omodei; Andrea Possenti; Toru Tamagawa; Keisuke Uchiyama; Martin C. Weisskopf; Ivan Agudo; Lucio A. Antonelli; Wayne H. Baumgartner; Ronaldo Bellazzini; Stefano Bianchi; Stephen D. Bongiorno; Raffaella Bonino; Alessandro Brez; Niccolò Bucciantini; Fiamma Capitanio; Simone Castellano; Elisabetta Cavazzuti; Stefano Ciprini; Enrico Costa; Alessandra De Rosa; Ettore Del Monte; Laura Di Gesu; Alessandro Di Marco; Immacolata Donnarumma; Michal Doviak; Steven R. Ehlert; Teruaki Enoto; Yuri Evangelista; Sergio Fabiani; Riccardo Ferrazzoli; Javier A. Garcia; Shuichi Gunji; Kiyoshi Hayashida; Wataru Iwakiri; Svetlana G. Jorstad; Vladimir Karas; Takao Kitaguchi; Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak; Fabio La Monaca; Luca Latronico; Ioannis Liodakis; Simone Maldera; Alberto Manfreda; Frédéric Marin; Andrea Marinucci; Alan P. Marscher; Herman L. Marshall; Giorgio Matt; Ikuyuki Mitsuishi; Tsunefumi Mizuno; Stephen C.Y. Ng; Stephen L. O’Dell; Chiara Oppedisano; Alessandro Papitto; George G. Pavlov; Abel L. Peirson; Matteo Perri; Melissa Pesce-Rollins; Maura Pilia; Juri Poutanen; Simonetta Puccetti; Brian D. Ramsey; Ajay Ratheesh; Roger W. Romani; Carmelo Sgrò; Patrick Slane; Paolo Soffitta; Gloria Spandre; Fabrizio Tavecchio; Yuzuru Tawara; Allyn F. Tennant; Nicholas E. Thomas; Francesco Tombesi; Alessio Trois; Sergey S. Tsygankov; Jacco Vink; Kinwah Wu; Fei Xie

doi:10.1126/science.add0080

Polarized x-rays from a magnetar

Roberto Taverna, Roberto Turolla, Fabio Muleri, Jeremy Heyl, Silvia Zane, Luca Baldini, Denis González-Caniulef, Matteo Bachetti, John Rankin, Ilaria Caiazzo, Niccolò Di Lalla, Victor Doroshenko, Manel Errando, Ephraim Gau, Demet Kırmızıbayrak, Henric Krawczynski, Michela Negro, Mason Ng, Nicola Omodei, Andrea PossentiToru Tamagawa, Keisuke Uchiyama, Martin C. Weisskopf, Ivan Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Niccolò Bucciantini, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu, Alessandro Di Marco, Immacolata Donnarumma, Michal Doviak, Steven R. Ehlert, Teruaki Enoto, Yuri Evangelista, Sergio Fabiani, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Javier A. Garcia, Shuichi Gunji, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Wataru Iwakiri, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Vladimir Karas, Takao Kitaguchi, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Fabio La Monaca, Luca Latronico, Ioannis Liodakis, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Frédéric Marin, Andrea Marinucci, Alan P. Marscher, Herman L. Marshall, Giorgio Matt, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Stephen C.Y. Ng, Stephen L. O’Dell, Chiara Oppedisano, Alessandro Papitto, George G. Pavlov, Abel L. Peirson, Matteo Perri, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Maura Pilia, Juri Poutanen, Simonetta Puccetti, Brian D. Ramsey, Ajay Ratheesh, Roger W. Romani, Carmelo Sgrò, Patrick Slane, Paolo Soffitta, Gloria Spandre, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Yuzuru Tawara, Allyn F. Tennant, Nicholas E. Thomas, Francesco Tombesi, Alessio Trois, Sergey S. Tsygankov, Jacco Vink, Kinwah Wu, Fei Xie

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Magnetars are neutron stars with ultrastrong magnetic fields, which can be observed in x-rays. Polarization measurements could provide information on their magnetic fields and surface properties. We observed polarized x-rays from the magnetar 4U 0142+61 using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and found a linear polarization degree of 13.5 ± 0.8% averaged over the 2– to 8–kilo–electron volt band. The polarization changes with energy: The degree is 15.0 ± 1.0% at 2 to 4 kilo–electron volts, drops below the instrumental sensitivity ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts, and rises to 35.2 ± 7.1% at 5.5 to 8 kilo–electron volts. The polarization angle also changes by 90° at ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts. These results are consistent with a model in which thermal radiation from the magnetar surface is reprocessed by scattering off charged particles in the magnetosphere.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	646-650
Number of pages	5
Journal	Science
Volume	378
Issue number	6620
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add0080
State	Published - Nov 11 2022

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10.1126/science.add0080

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Taverna, R., Turolla, R., Muleri, F., Heyl, J., Zane, S., Baldini, L., González-Caniulef, D., Bachetti, M., Rankin, J., Caiazzo, I., Di Lalla, N., Doroshenko, V., Errando, M., Gau, E., Kırmızıbayrak, D., Krawczynski, H., Negro, M., Ng, M., Omodei, N., ... Xie, F. (2022). Polarized x-rays from a magnetar. Science, 378(6620), 646-650. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add0080

@article{c7b5635493c94396a1eb10dd2ed832f7,

title = "Polarized x-rays from a magnetar",

abstract = "Magnetars are neutron stars with ultrastrong magnetic fields, which can be observed in x-rays. Polarization measurements could provide information on their magnetic fields and surface properties. We observed polarized x-rays from the magnetar 4U 0142+61 using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and found a linear polarization degree of 13.5 ± 0.8% averaged over the 2– to 8–kilo–electron volt band. The polarization changes with energy: The degree is 15.0 ± 1.0% at 2 to 4 kilo–electron volts, drops below the instrumental sensitivity ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts, and rises to 35.2 ± 7.1% at 5.5 to 8 kilo–electron volts. The polarization angle also changes by 90° at ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts. These results are consistent with a model in which thermal radiation from the magnetar surface is reprocessed by scattering off charged particles in the magnetosphere.",

author = "Roberto Taverna and Roberto Turolla and Fabio Muleri and Jeremy Heyl and Silvia Zane and Luca Baldini and Denis Gonz{\'a}lez-Caniulef and Matteo Bachetti and John Rankin and Ilaria Caiazzo and {Di Lalla}, Niccol{\`o} and Victor Doroshenko and Manel Errando and Ephraim Gau and Demet Kırmızıbayrak and Henric Krawczynski and Michela Negro and Mason Ng and Nicola Omodei and Andrea Possenti and Toru Tamagawa and Keisuke Uchiyama and Weisskopf, {Martin C.} and Ivan Agudo and Antonelli, {Lucio A.} and Baumgartner, {Wayne H.} and Ronaldo Bellazzini and Stefano Bianchi and Bongiorno, {Stephen D.} and Raffaella Bonino and Alessandro Brez and Niccol{\`o} Bucciantini and Fiamma Capitanio and Simone Castellano and Elisabetta Cavazzuti and Stefano Ciprini and Enrico Costa and {De Rosa}, Alessandra and {Del Monte}, Ettore and {Di Gesu}, Laura and {Di Marco}, Alessandro and Immacolata Donnarumma and Michal Doviak and Ehlert, {Steven R.} and Teruaki Enoto and Yuri Evangelista and Sergio Fabiani and Riccardo Ferrazzoli and Garcia, {Javier A.} and Shuichi Gunji and Kiyoshi Hayashida and Wataru Iwakiri and Jorstad, {Svetlana G.} and Vladimir Karas and Takao Kitaguchi and Kolodziejczak, {Jeffery J.} and {La Monaca}, Fabio and Luca Latronico and Ioannis Liodakis and Simone Maldera and Alberto Manfreda and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Marin and Andrea Marinucci and Marscher, {Alan P.} and Marshall, {Herman L.} and Giorgio Matt and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi and Tsunefumi Mizuno and Ng, {Stephen C.Y.} and O{\textquoteright}Dell, {Stephen L.} and Chiara Oppedisano and Alessandro Papitto and Pavlov, {George G.} and Peirson, {Abel L.} and Matteo Perri and Melissa Pesce-Rollins and Maura Pilia and Juri Poutanen and Simonetta Puccetti and Ramsey, {Brian D.} and Ajay Ratheesh and Romani, {Roger W.} and Carmelo Sgr{\`o} and Patrick Slane and Paolo Soffitta and Gloria Spandre and Fabrizio Tavecchio and Yuzuru Tawara and Tennant, {Allyn F.} and Thomas, {Nicholas E.} and Francesco Tombesi and Alessio Trois and Tsygankov, {Sergey S.} and Jacco Vink and Kinwah Wu and Fei Xie",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1126/science.add0080",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "378",

pages = "646--650",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6620",

}

Taverna, R, Turolla, R, Muleri, F, Heyl, J, Zane, S, Baldini, L, González-Caniulef, D, Bachetti, M, Rankin, J, Caiazzo, I, Di Lalla, N, Doroshenko, V, Errando, M, Gau, E, Kırmızıbayrak, D, Krawczynski, H, Negro, M, Ng, M, Omodei, N, Possenti, A, Tamagawa, T, Uchiyama, K, Weisskopf, MC, Agudo, I, Antonelli, LA, Baumgartner, WH, Bellazzini, R, Bianchi, S, Bongiorno, SD, Bonino, R, Brez, A, Bucciantini, N, Capitanio, F, Castellano, S, Cavazzuti, E, Ciprini, S, Costa, E, De Rosa, A, Del Monte, E, Di Gesu, L, Di Marco, A, Donnarumma, I, Doviak, M, Ehlert, SR, Enoto, T, Evangelista, Y, Fabiani, S, Ferrazzoli, R, Garcia, JA, Gunji, S, Hayashida, K, Iwakiri, W, Jorstad, SG, Karas, V, Kitaguchi, T, Kolodziejczak, JJ, La Monaca, F, Latronico, L, Liodakis, I, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, Marin, F, Marinucci, A, Marscher, AP, Marshall, HL, Matt, G, Mitsuishi, I, Mizuno, T, Ng, SCY, O’Dell, SL, Oppedisano, C, Papitto, A, Pavlov, GG, Peirson, AL, Perri, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Pilia, M, Poutanen, J, Puccetti, S, Ramsey, BD, Ratheesh, A, Romani, RW, Sgrò, C, Slane, P, Soffitta, P, Spandre, G, Tavecchio, F, Tawara, Y, Tennant, AF, Thomas, NE, Tombesi, F, Trois, A, Tsygankov, SS, Vink, J, Wu, K & Xie, F 2022, 'Polarized x-rays from a magnetar', Science, vol. 378, no. 6620, pp. 646-650. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.add0080

TY - JOUR

T1 - Polarized x-rays from a magnetar

AU - Taverna, Roberto

AU - Turolla, Roberto

AU - Muleri, Fabio

AU - Heyl, Jeremy

AU - Zane, Silvia

AU - Baldini, Luca

AU - González-Caniulef, Denis

AU - Bachetti, Matteo

AU - Rankin, John

AU - Caiazzo, Ilaria

AU - Di Lalla, Niccolò

AU - Doroshenko, Victor

AU - Errando, Manel

AU - Gau, Ephraim

AU - Kırmızıbayrak, Demet

AU - Krawczynski, Henric

AU - Negro, Michela

AU - Ng, Mason

AU - Omodei, Nicola

AU - Possenti, Andrea

AU - Tamagawa, Toru

AU - Uchiyama, Keisuke

AU - Weisskopf, Martin C.

AU - Agudo, Ivan

AU - Antonelli, Lucio A.

AU - Baumgartner, Wayne H.

AU - Bellazzini, Ronaldo

AU - Bianchi, Stefano

AU - Bongiorno, Stephen D.

AU - Bonino, Raffaella

AU - Brez, Alessandro

AU - Bucciantini, Niccolò

AU - Capitanio, Fiamma

AU - Castellano, Simone

AU - Cavazzuti, Elisabetta

AU - Ciprini, Stefano

AU - Costa, Enrico

AU - De Rosa, Alessandra

AU - Del Monte, Ettore

AU - Di Gesu, Laura

AU - Di Marco, Alessandro

AU - Donnarumma, Immacolata

AU - Doviak, Michal

AU - Ehlert, Steven R.

AU - Enoto, Teruaki

AU - Evangelista, Yuri

AU - Fabiani, Sergio

AU - Ferrazzoli, Riccardo

AU - Garcia, Javier A.

AU - Gunji, Shuichi

AU - Hayashida, Kiyoshi

AU - Iwakiri, Wataru

AU - Jorstad, Svetlana G.

AU - Karas, Vladimir

AU - Kitaguchi, Takao

AU - Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.

AU - La Monaca, Fabio

AU - Latronico, Luca

AU - Liodakis, Ioannis

AU - Maldera, Simone

AU - Manfreda, Alberto

AU - Marin, Frédéric

AU - Marinucci, Andrea

AU - Marscher, Alan P.

AU - Marshall, Herman L.

AU - Matt, Giorgio

AU - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki

AU - Mizuno, Tsunefumi

AU - Ng, Stephen C.Y.

AU - O’Dell, Stephen L.

AU - Oppedisano, Chiara

AU - Papitto, Alessandro

AU - Pavlov, George G.

AU - Peirson, Abel L.

AU - Perri, Matteo

AU - Pesce-Rollins, Melissa

AU - Pilia, Maura

AU - Poutanen, Juri

AU - Puccetti, Simonetta

AU - Ramsey, Brian D.

AU - Ratheesh, Ajay

AU - Romani, Roger W.

AU - Sgrò, Carmelo

AU - Slane, Patrick

AU - Soffitta, Paolo

AU - Spandre, Gloria

AU - Tavecchio, Fabrizio

AU - Tawara, Yuzuru

AU - Tennant, Allyn F.

AU - Thomas, Nicholas E.

AU - Tombesi, Francesco

AU - Trois, Alessio

AU - Tsygankov, Sergey S.

AU - Vink, Jacco

AU - Wu, Kinwah

AU - Xie, Fei

PY - 2022/11/11

Y1 - 2022/11/11

N2 - Magnetars are neutron stars with ultrastrong magnetic fields, which can be observed in x-rays. Polarization measurements could provide information on their magnetic fields and surface properties. We observed polarized x-rays from the magnetar 4U 0142+61 using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and found a linear polarization degree of 13.5 ± 0.8% averaged over the 2– to 8–kilo–electron volt band. The polarization changes with energy: The degree is 15.0 ± 1.0% at 2 to 4 kilo–electron volts, drops below the instrumental sensitivity ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts, and rises to 35.2 ± 7.1% at 5.5 to 8 kilo–electron volts. The polarization angle also changes by 90° at ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts. These results are consistent with a model in which thermal radiation from the magnetar surface is reprocessed by scattering off charged particles in the magnetosphere.

AB - Magnetars are neutron stars with ultrastrong magnetic fields, which can be observed in x-rays. Polarization measurements could provide information on their magnetic fields and surface properties. We observed polarized x-rays from the magnetar 4U 0142+61 using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer and found a linear polarization degree of 13.5 ± 0.8% averaged over the 2– to 8–kilo–electron volt band. The polarization changes with energy: The degree is 15.0 ± 1.0% at 2 to 4 kilo–electron volts, drops below the instrumental sensitivity ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts, and rises to 35.2 ± 7.1% at 5.5 to 8 kilo–electron volts. The polarization angle also changes by 90° at ~4 to 5 kilo–electron volts. These results are consistent with a model in which thermal radiation from the magnetar surface is reprocessed by scattering off charged particles in the magnetosphere.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141574099&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85141574099&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1126/science.add0080

DO - 10.1126/science.add0080

M3 - Article

C2 - 36356124

AN - SCOPUS:85141574099

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 378

SP - 646

EP - 650

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6620

ER -

Polarized x-rays from a magnetar

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