Polycystic ovary syndrome: When to suspect

The key features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are menstrual bleeding disturbances caused by chronic oligoovulation or anovulation and clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism. The finding of polycystic ovaries on ultrasonography alone has limited predictive value. Obesity often coexists with PCOS and can exacerbate metabolic disturbances, particularly insulin resistance, but it is not a diagnostic findings. Laboratory results can rule out other conditions in the differential, such as an androgen-producing neoplasm, hypothyroidism, and late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia.