Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

Mark Lipson; Pontus Skoglund; Matthew Spriggs; Frederique Valentin; Stuart Bedford; Richard Shing; Hallie Buckley; Iarawai Phillip; Graeme K. Ward; Swapan Mallick; Nadin Rohland; Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht; Olivia Cheronet; Matthew Ferry; Thomas K. Harper; Megan Michel; Jonas Oppenheimer; Kendra Sirak; Kristin Stewardson; Kathryn Auckland; Adrian V.S. Hill; Kathryn Maitland; Stephen J. Oppenheimer; Tom Parks; Kathryn Robson; Thomas N. Williams; Douglas J. Kennett; Alexander J. Mentzer; Ron Pinhasi; David Reich

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051

Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

Mark Lipson, Pontus Skoglund, Matthew Spriggs, Frederique Valentin, Stuart Bedford, Richard Shing, Hallie Buckley, Iarawai Phillip, Graeme K. Ward, Swapan Mallick, Nadin Rohland, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Olivia Cheronet, Matthew Ferry, Thomas K. Harper, Megan Michel, Jonas Oppenheimer, Kendra Sirak, Kristin Stewardson, Kathryn AucklandAdrian V.S. Hill, Kathryn Maitland, Stephen J. Oppenheimer, Tom Parks, Kathryn Robson, Thomas N. Williams, Douglas J. Kennett, Alexander J. Mentzer, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

66 Scopus citations

Abstract

Ancient DNA from Vanuatu and Tonga dating to about 2,900–2,600 years ago (before present, BP) has revealed that the “First Remote Oceanians” associated with the Lapita archaeological culture were directly descended from the population that, beginning around 5000 BP, spread Austronesian languages from Taiwan to the Philippines, western Melanesia, and eventually Remote Oceania. Thus, ancestors of the First Remote Oceanians must have passed by the Papuan-ancestry populations they encountered in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor >25% Papuan ancestry, implying that additional eastward migration must have occurred. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu from 2900–150 BP, as well as 185 present-day individuals from 18 islands. We find that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry arrived in Vanuatu by around 2300 BP, most likely reflecting migrations a few hundred years earlier at the end of the Lapita period, when there is also evidence of changes in skeletal morphology and cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2, 3]. Papuan ancestry was subsequently diluted through admixture but remains at least 80%–90% in most islands. Through a fine-grained analysis of ancestry profiles, we show that the Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu derives from the Bismarck Archipelago rather than the geographically closer Solomon Islands. However, the Papuan ancestry in Polynesia—the most remote Pacific islands—derives from different sources, documenting a third stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania. Lipson, Skoglund, et al. analyze ancient DNA from the Pacific island chain of Vanuatu over its entire span of occupation. After humans first arrived around 3,000 years ago, there was a nearly complete replacement of the original inhabitants by 2,300 years ago, and this second wave forms the primary ancestry of people in Vanuatu today.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1157-1165.e7
Journal	Current Biology
Volume	28
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051
State	Published - Apr 2 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Neuroscience(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)

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10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051

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Lipson, M., Skoglund, P., Spriggs, M., Valentin, F., Bedford, S., Shing, R., Buckley, H., Phillip, I., Ward, G. K., Mallick, S., Rohland, N., Broomandkhoshbacht, N., Cheronet, O., Ferry, M., Harper, T. K., Michel, M., Oppenheimer, J., Sirak, K., Stewardson, K., ... Reich, D. (2018). Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement. Current Biology, 28(7), 1157-1165.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051

@article{469c635e458d475b979440129b9f1e5d,

title = "Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement",

abstract = "Ancient DNA from Vanuatu and Tonga dating to about 2,900–2,600 years ago (before present, BP) has revealed that the “First Remote Oceanians” associated with the Lapita archaeological culture were directly descended from the population that, beginning around 5000 BP, spread Austronesian languages from Taiwan to the Philippines, western Melanesia, and eventually Remote Oceania. Thus, ancestors of the First Remote Oceanians must have passed by the Papuan-ancestry populations they encountered in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor >25% Papuan ancestry, implying that additional eastward migration must have occurred. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu from 2900–150 BP, as well as 185 present-day individuals from 18 islands. We find that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry arrived in Vanuatu by around 2300 BP, most likely reflecting migrations a few hundred years earlier at the end of the Lapita period, when there is also evidence of changes in skeletal morphology and cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2, 3]. Papuan ancestry was subsequently diluted through admixture but remains at least 80%–90% in most islands. Through a fine-grained analysis of ancestry profiles, we show that the Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu derives from the Bismarck Archipelago rather than the geographically closer Solomon Islands. However, the Papuan ancestry in Polynesia—the most remote Pacific islands—derives from different sources, documenting a third stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania. Lipson, Skoglund, et al. analyze ancient DNA from the Pacific island chain of Vanuatu over its entire span of occupation. After humans first arrived around 3,000 years ago, there was a nearly complete replacement of the original inhabitants by 2,300 years ago, and this second wave forms the primary ancestry of people in Vanuatu today.",

author = "Mark Lipson and Pontus Skoglund and Matthew Spriggs and Frederique Valentin and Stuart Bedford and Richard Shing and Hallie Buckley and Iarawai Phillip and Ward, {Graeme K.} and Swapan Mallick and Nadin Rohland and Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht and Olivia Cheronet and Matthew Ferry and Harper, {Thomas K.} and Megan Michel and Jonas Oppenheimer and Kendra Sirak and Kristin Stewardson and Kathryn Auckland and Hill, {Adrian V.S.} and Kathryn Maitland and Oppenheimer, {Stephen J.} and Tom Parks and Kathryn Robson and Williams, {Thomas N.} and Kennett, {Douglas J.} and Mentzer, {Alexander J.} and Ron Pinhasi and David Reich",

note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to Fiona Petchey and Tomasz Goslar for sharing unpublished information on previously reported radiocarbon dates generated at the University of Waikato and the Poznan Accelerator Mass Spectrometry laboratories. The Teouma research was supported by the Australian Research Council (Discovery Grants DP0880789 and DP0556874 , M.S. and S.B.), the National Geographic Society (Scientific Research Grant 8038-06 , M.S. and S.B.), the Pacific Biological Foundation (grant PBF-04-1 , M.S. and S.B.), the Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund ( UOO0917 , H.B. and S.B.), and a University of Otago Research Grant ( UORG917 , H.B.). F.V. was supported by CNRS-UMR 7041 (PICS 3346). We are grateful to the late Richard Shutler, Jr. for access to his original field notes and to David Burley for contributing further Shutler archives to the Vanuatu Cultural Centre that aided in interpretation. Ralph Regenvanu, former Director of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, gave ethical guidance on the use of the present-day samples for this project. A.J.M. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Training Fellowship (grant reference 106289/Z/14/Z ). We thank Professors John Clegg, David Weatherall, Donald Bowden, and their colleagues for their work establishing the Oceanic sample collection at the University of Oxford in the UK, with support from the Wellcome Trust and Medical Research Council . P.S. was supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR grant 2014-453 ). Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating work at Pennsylvania State University (D.J.K) was supported by the NSF Archaeometry program ( BCS-1460369 ). D.R. was supported by NIH grant GM100233 , by NSF HOMINID grant BCS-1032255 , and by an Allen Discovery Center of the Paul Allen Foundation and is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2018",

month = apr,

day = "2",

doi = "10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "28",

pages = "1157--1165.e7",

journal = "Current Biology",

issn = "0960-9822",

publisher = "Cell Press",

number = "7",

}

Lipson, M, Skoglund, P, Spriggs, M, Valentin, F, Bedford, S, Shing, R, Buckley, H, Phillip, I, Ward, GK, Mallick, S, Rohland, N, Broomandkhoshbacht, N, Cheronet, O, Ferry, M, Harper, TK, Michel, M, Oppenheimer, J, Sirak, K, Stewardson, K, Auckland, K, Hill, AVS, Maitland, K, Oppenheimer, SJ, Parks, T, Robson, K, Williams, TN, Kennett, DJ, Mentzer, AJ, Pinhasi, R & Reich, D 2018, 'Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement', Current Biology, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 1157-1165.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051

TY - JOUR

T1 - Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

AU - Lipson, Mark

AU - Skoglund, Pontus

AU - Spriggs, Matthew

AU - Valentin, Frederique

AU - Bedford, Stuart

AU - Shing, Richard

AU - Buckley, Hallie

AU - Phillip, Iarawai

AU - Ward, Graeme K.

AU - Mallick, Swapan

AU - Rohland, Nadin

AU - Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen

AU - Cheronet, Olivia

AU - Ferry, Matthew

AU - Harper, Thomas K.

AU - Michel, Megan

AU - Oppenheimer, Jonas

AU - Sirak, Kendra

AU - Stewardson, Kristin

AU - Auckland, Kathryn

AU - Hill, Adrian V.S.

AU - Maitland, Kathryn

AU - Oppenheimer, Stephen J.

AU - Parks, Tom

AU - Robson, Kathryn

AU - Williams, Thomas N.

AU - Kennett, Douglas J.

AU - Mentzer, Alexander J.

AU - Pinhasi, Ron

AU - Reich, David

N1 - Funding Information: We are grateful to Fiona Petchey and Tomasz Goslar for sharing unpublished information on previously reported radiocarbon dates generated at the University of Waikato and the Poznan Accelerator Mass Spectrometry laboratories. The Teouma research was supported by the Australian Research Council (Discovery Grants DP0880789 and DP0556874 , M.S. and S.B.), the National Geographic Society (Scientific Research Grant 8038-06 , M.S. and S.B.), the Pacific Biological Foundation (grant PBF-04-1 , M.S. and S.B.), the Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund ( UOO0917 , H.B. and S.B.), and a University of Otago Research Grant ( UORG917 , H.B.). F.V. was supported by CNRS-UMR 7041 (PICS 3346). We are grateful to the late Richard Shutler, Jr. for access to his original field notes and to David Burley for contributing further Shutler archives to the Vanuatu Cultural Centre that aided in interpretation. Ralph Regenvanu, former Director of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, gave ethical guidance on the use of the present-day samples for this project. A.J.M. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Training Fellowship (grant reference 106289/Z/14/Z ). We thank Professors John Clegg, David Weatherall, Donald Bowden, and their colleagues for their work establishing the Oceanic sample collection at the University of Oxford in the UK, with support from the Wellcome Trust and Medical Research Council . P.S. was supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR grant 2014-453 ). Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating work at Pennsylvania State University (D.J.K) was supported by the NSF Archaeometry program ( BCS-1460369 ). D.R. was supported by NIH grant GM100233 , by NSF HOMINID grant BCS-1032255 , and by an Allen Discovery Center of the Paul Allen Foundation and is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2018/4/2

Y1 - 2018/4/2

N2 - Ancient DNA from Vanuatu and Tonga dating to about 2,900–2,600 years ago (before present, BP) has revealed that the “First Remote Oceanians” associated with the Lapita archaeological culture were directly descended from the population that, beginning around 5000 BP, spread Austronesian languages from Taiwan to the Philippines, western Melanesia, and eventually Remote Oceania. Thus, ancestors of the First Remote Oceanians must have passed by the Papuan-ancestry populations they encountered in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor >25% Papuan ancestry, implying that additional eastward migration must have occurred. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu from 2900–150 BP, as well as 185 present-day individuals from 18 islands. We find that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry arrived in Vanuatu by around 2300 BP, most likely reflecting migrations a few hundred years earlier at the end of the Lapita period, when there is also evidence of changes in skeletal morphology and cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2, 3]. Papuan ancestry was subsequently diluted through admixture but remains at least 80%–90% in most islands. Through a fine-grained analysis of ancestry profiles, we show that the Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu derives from the Bismarck Archipelago rather than the geographically closer Solomon Islands. However, the Papuan ancestry in Polynesia—the most remote Pacific islands—derives from different sources, documenting a third stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania. Lipson, Skoglund, et al. analyze ancient DNA from the Pacific island chain of Vanuatu over its entire span of occupation. After humans first arrived around 3,000 years ago, there was a nearly complete replacement of the original inhabitants by 2,300 years ago, and this second wave forms the primary ancestry of people in Vanuatu today.

AB - Ancient DNA from Vanuatu and Tonga dating to about 2,900–2,600 years ago (before present, BP) has revealed that the “First Remote Oceanians” associated with the Lapita archaeological culture were directly descended from the population that, beginning around 5000 BP, spread Austronesian languages from Taiwan to the Philippines, western Melanesia, and eventually Remote Oceania. Thus, ancestors of the First Remote Oceanians must have passed by the Papuan-ancestry populations they encountered in New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor >25% Papuan ancestry, implying that additional eastward migration must have occurred. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu from 2900–150 BP, as well as 185 present-day individuals from 18 islands. We find that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry arrived in Vanuatu by around 2300 BP, most likely reflecting migrations a few hundred years earlier at the end of the Lapita period, when there is also evidence of changes in skeletal morphology and cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2, 3]. Papuan ancestry was subsequently diluted through admixture but remains at least 80%–90% in most islands. Through a fine-grained analysis of ancestry profiles, we show that the Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu derives from the Bismarck Archipelago rather than the geographically closer Solomon Islands. However, the Papuan ancestry in Polynesia—the most remote Pacific islands—derives from different sources, documenting a third stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania. Lipson, Skoglund, et al. analyze ancient DNA from the Pacific island chain of Vanuatu over its entire span of occupation. After humans first arrived around 3,000 years ago, there was a nearly complete replacement of the original inhabitants by 2,300 years ago, and this second wave forms the primary ancestry of people in Vanuatu today.

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DO - 10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.051

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SN - 0960-9822

VL - 28

SP - 1157-1165.e7

JO - Current Biology

JF - Current Biology

IS - 7

ER -

Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly after Initial Settlement

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