TY - JOUR
T1 - Preconditioning of the latissimus dorsi muscle in cardiomyoplasty
T2 - Vascular delay or chronic electrical stimulation
AU - Ali, Ahsan T.
AU - Chiang, Benjamin Y.
AU - Santamore, William P.
AU - Dowling, Robert D.
AU - Slater, A. David
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to express our gratitude to Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MA, for providing technical support and ITREL muscle stimulators. Our thanks to Dr. Sam Haydar for providing technical assistance in setting up Labtec Note-book software and data acquisition hardware. We would also like to thank Dr. James Sharp, Nancy Hughes, Edwin Ford, Dorothy Wilson and the RRC staff at the University of Louisville, KY, for providing dedicated animal care in the pre-and post-operative period. This study was supported in part by a grant from The Jewish Hospital Heart and Lung Foundation.
PY - 1998/9
Y1 - 1998/9
N2 - Objectives: In standard single stage cardiomyoplasty (CMP), the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) is not preconditioned prior to surgery. We hypothesized that latissimus dorsi preconditioning by vascular delay or by chronic electrical stimulation would result in an improved LV hemodynamic function early (14 days) after CMP. Methods: Mongrel dogs had preconditioning of the latissimus dorsi by a vascular delay procedure followed by CMP 14-18 days later (group I VD). Dogs in group II underwent 4 weeks of chronic stimulation (CS) of the latissimus dorsi (2 V/30 Hz, six bursts/min) followed by CMP. The latissimus dorsi muscle was fully stimulated from 48 h after cardiomyoplasty in both groups (2 V/30 Hz, three bursts/min). Two weeks after myoplasty, injecting 2.0-3.0 x 105 90 μm latex microspheres in the left main coronary artery induced global cardiac dysfunction. Hemodynamic function was then evaluated for latissimus dorsi muscle assisted (S) beats and non- stimulated beats (NS) in each group by measuring peak systolic aortic pressure (AOP), left ventricular pressure (LVP) and end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and by calculating maximum and minimum dP/dt. Results: Dogs with vascular delay of the latissimus dorsi showed a marked increase for all hemodynamic indices (AOP: 23.9 ± 2.5%, LVP: 23.5 ± 2.2%, max dP/dt: 49.4 ± 3.3%) for LDM assisted (S) beats compared to non-stimulated beats (P < 0.001). Animals with chronic electrical training did not demonstrate a significant increase in any hemodynamic parameter with LDM stimulation. Conclusion: Preconditioning the LDM may play an important role in providing early cardiac assistance in CMP. Preconditioning the LDM with vascular delay resulted in improving performance of the LDM with consistent increases in LV hemodynamics. This was not observed after preconditioning with chronic electrical stimulation. Vascular delay of the latissimus dorsi can significantly improve muscle performance in CMP and could provide hemodynamic assistance early after surgery.
AB - Objectives: In standard single stage cardiomyoplasty (CMP), the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) is not preconditioned prior to surgery. We hypothesized that latissimus dorsi preconditioning by vascular delay or by chronic electrical stimulation would result in an improved LV hemodynamic function early (14 days) after CMP. Methods: Mongrel dogs had preconditioning of the latissimus dorsi by a vascular delay procedure followed by CMP 14-18 days later (group I VD). Dogs in group II underwent 4 weeks of chronic stimulation (CS) of the latissimus dorsi (2 V/30 Hz, six bursts/min) followed by CMP. The latissimus dorsi muscle was fully stimulated from 48 h after cardiomyoplasty in both groups (2 V/30 Hz, three bursts/min). Two weeks after myoplasty, injecting 2.0-3.0 x 105 90 μm latex microspheres in the left main coronary artery induced global cardiac dysfunction. Hemodynamic function was then evaluated for latissimus dorsi muscle assisted (S) beats and non- stimulated beats (NS) in each group by measuring peak systolic aortic pressure (AOP), left ventricular pressure (LVP) and end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and by calculating maximum and minimum dP/dt. Results: Dogs with vascular delay of the latissimus dorsi showed a marked increase for all hemodynamic indices (AOP: 23.9 ± 2.5%, LVP: 23.5 ± 2.2%, max dP/dt: 49.4 ± 3.3%) for LDM assisted (S) beats compared to non-stimulated beats (P < 0.001). Animals with chronic electrical training did not demonstrate a significant increase in any hemodynamic parameter with LDM stimulation. Conclusion: Preconditioning the LDM may play an important role in providing early cardiac assistance in CMP. Preconditioning the LDM with vascular delay resulted in improving performance of the LDM with consistent increases in LV hemodynamics. This was not observed after preconditioning with chronic electrical stimulation. Vascular delay of the latissimus dorsi can significantly improve muscle performance in CMP and could provide hemodynamic assistance early after surgery.
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U2 - 10.1016/S1010-7940(98)00157-2
DO - 10.1016/S1010-7940(98)00157-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 9761442
AN - SCOPUS:0031686934
SN - 1010-7940
VL - 14
SP - 304
EP - 310
JO - European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery
JF - European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery
IS - 3
ER -