TY - JOUR
T1 - Prediction of externalizing behavior problems from early to middle childhood
T2 - The role of parental socialization and emotion expression
AU - Denham, Susanne A.
AU - Workman, Elizabeth
AU - Cole, Pamela Marie
AU - Weissbrod, Carol
AU - Kendziora, Kimberly T.
AU - Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn
PY - 2000/1/1
Y1 - 2000/1/1
N2 - Parental emotions and behaviors that contribute to continuity and change in preschool children's externalizing problems were examined. Mothers and fathers were observed interacting with their children, and child-rearing styles were reported. Teachers, mothers, and children reported children's antisocial, oppositional behavior. Externalizing problems showed strong continuity 2 and 4 years later. Proactive parenting (i.e., supportive presence, clear instruction, and limit setting) predicted fewer behavior problems over time, after controlling for initial problems; the converse was true for parental anger. In contrast, the hypothesized ameliorative contribution of parents' positive emotion was not found. Parental contributions were most influential for children whose initial problems were in the clinical range. In particular, parental anger predicted continuation of problems over time. Paternal, as well as maternal, influences were identified. Examination of parental emotions and inclusion of fathers is important to research and intervention with young antisocial children.
AB - Parental emotions and behaviors that contribute to continuity and change in preschool children's externalizing problems were examined. Mothers and fathers were observed interacting with their children, and child-rearing styles were reported. Teachers, mothers, and children reported children's antisocial, oppositional behavior. Externalizing problems showed strong continuity 2 and 4 years later. Proactive parenting (i.e., supportive presence, clear instruction, and limit setting) predicted fewer behavior problems over time, after controlling for initial problems; the converse was true for parental anger. In contrast, the hypothesized ameliorative contribution of parents' positive emotion was not found. Parental contributions were most influential for children whose initial problems were in the clinical range. In particular, parental anger predicted continuation of problems over time. Paternal, as well as maternal, influences were identified. Examination of parental emotions and inclusion of fathers is important to research and intervention with young antisocial children.
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U2 - 10.1017/S0954579400001024
DO - 10.1017/S0954579400001024
M3 - Article
C2 - 10774594
AN - SCOPUS:0034541057
SN - 0954-5794
VL - 12
SP - 23
EP - 45
JO - Development and Psychopathology
JF - Development and Psychopathology
IS - 1
ER -