Prepregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and susceptibility to autism-related traits: the EARLI and HOME studies

Marisa A. Patti, Lisa A. Croen, Aimin Chen, M. Daniele Fallin, Jane Khoury, Kristen Lyall, Craig Newschaffer, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Kimberly Yolton, Joseph M. Braun

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) has been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study sought to examine whether familial susceptibility for autism, intensity of ASD-related behaviors, or prepregnancy BMI influences the association of GWG with ASD-related behaviors. Methods: Using data from the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) study (n = 136), a familial enriched cohort of mothers who had a previous child with ASD, and the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) study (n = 253), a general population cohort, gestational age and prepregnancy BMI category-specific GWG z scores were calculated. Caregivers completed the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to assess the presence and severity of ASD-related traits in children aged 3 to 8 years. Using quantile regression, the association between GWG z scores and ASD-related behaviors in children was estimated. Results: In HOME, among mothers who had overweight or obesity prepregnancy BMI values, GWG z scores and SRS scores were positively associated in children with more ASD-related traits (higher SRS scores), but not in children with fewer ASD-related traits. Similar patterns were observed in EARLI among mothers with prepregnancy obesity. Conclusions: GWG may be associated with autism-related behaviors among children who have a greater predisposition to these behaviors and who have mothers with prepregnancy overweight or obesity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1415-1424
Number of pages10
JournalObesity
Volume31
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2023

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Medicine (miscellaneous)
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutrition and Dietetics

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