TY - JOUR
T1 - Pressure dependence of cymbal transducers
AU - Uzgur, Erman
AU - Markley, Douglas C.
AU - Guo, Monica
AU - Snyder, Benjamin
AU - Meyer, Richard J.
AU - Dogan, Aydin
AU - Newnham, Robert E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received February 22, 2004; accepted August 17, 2004. This work was supported in part by the Anadolu University Science Foundation under Project 0218 and by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-01-1-0872. Associate Editor: R. Stern. E. Uzgur is with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, On-dokuz Mayis University, Samsun 55139, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected]). A. Dogan is with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected]) D. C. Markley and R. J. Meyer, Jr. are with the Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]). M. Guo was with the Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA. She is now with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). B. Snyder was with the Bioengineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA. He is now with the Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). R. E. Newnham is with the Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA (e-mail: [email protected]). Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JOE.2004.837141 Fig. 1. Displacement motion and cross-sectional view of a cymbal transducer. Reference dimensions for cymbal transducer (in millimeters): diameter = 12.70, cavity diameter = 9.00, cavity depth = 0.32, PZT thickness = 1.00, endcap thickness = 0.25, apex diameter = 3.00, bonding-layer thickness = 0.02.
PY - 2007/4
Y1 - 2007/4
N2 - The hydrostatic pressure limit that a receiver can withstand without failure is of major importance in underwater sonar systems. In this paper, the hydrostatic pressure tolerance and sensitivity of cymbal receivers were investigated. The failure mode in cymbal transducers under hydrostatic pressure is described. Effects of cavity geometry and material selection on hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients and pressure limits were evaluated using both experimental data and finite-element analysis (FEA). It was found that cavity depth has a very strong effect on the stability of underwater sensitivity and pressure tolerance of these devices. Cymbals made with soft piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) possess higher figures of merit and better pressure tolerance than those made with hard PZTs. Alternatively, the cymbal sensitivity and pressure tolerance can be improved by changing the cap material.
AB - The hydrostatic pressure limit that a receiver can withstand without failure is of major importance in underwater sonar systems. In this paper, the hydrostatic pressure tolerance and sensitivity of cymbal receivers were investigated. The failure mode in cymbal transducers under hydrostatic pressure is described. Effects of cavity geometry and material selection on hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients and pressure limits were evaluated using both experimental data and finite-element analysis (FEA). It was found that cavity depth has a very strong effect on the stability of underwater sensitivity and pressure tolerance of these devices. Cymbals made with soft piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) possess higher figures of merit and better pressure tolerance than those made with hard PZTs. Alternatively, the cymbal sensitivity and pressure tolerance can be improved by changing the cap material.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/71049151898
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=71049151898&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JOE.2004.837141
DO - 10.1109/JOE.2004.837141
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:71049151898
SN - 0364-9059
VL - 32
SP - 408
EP - 415
JO - IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
JF - IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
IS - 2
M1 - 837141
ER -