Pressure-temperature study of dielectric relaxation of a polyurethane elastomer

The effect of hydrostatic pressure up to 1,361 atms on the dielectric properties of a segmented polyurethane elastomer (Dow 2103-80AE) is studied at temperatures from 0 °C to 80 °C. The experimental results show that the relaxation time for both the I-process, associated with the molecular motions in the hard segments, and the α-process, associated with the glass transition, increases with pressure, and this shift is more pronounced for the I-process. Besides the glass transition, it is found that the I-process can be described by the Vogel-Fulcher (V-F) and Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) relations. At atmospheric pressure, T_g and T₀ for the I-process are 235.9 K and 4.2×10³ K, respectively. Based on the V-F and WLF relations and experimental results, it is found that a parameter, C₁, in the WLF relation is independent of the pressure. Thus, a method is introduced to determine the values of both the characteristic transition temperature (T_g) and activation energy (T₀) for the processes at different pressures. As the pressure increases from atmospheric to 1,361 atms, the increase of T_g for the I-process is about 30 °C. The results also show that, for both the I- and the α-processes, T₀ decreases with increasing pressure.